Weather resistance colorants

The laminate sheet is a flexible decorative sheet for use in surfacing an automobile body panel. The laminate revealed in this invention contains several layers, including clearcoat, tie coat, color coat, and adhesive layer. Clearcoat is formulated from polyvinylidene fluoride (to assure excellent weather resistance), tie coat is formulated from acrylic (good adhesion to both clear coat and color coat and weather resistance), color coat was formulated from PVC (see formulation in the above table) and adhesive was pressure sensitive acrylic formulation. 

Weather-resistant epoxy acrylic 44 50 2 h 2-3 h Two components, topcoat, excellent weathering resistance, color and gloss retention, isocyanate-free... 

The three classes of PE, designated as A, B, and C, specify the color, amount, and type of antioxidants and other additives. Class A refers to naturally colored PE, Class B includes white or black polymer, and Class C covers weather-resistant black polymer containing no less than 2% carbon black. Typical characteristics of resins used for film manufacture, injection mol ding, and blow mol ding are given in Table 5. 

Weather-resistant mineral granules appHed to the top surface of strip shingles during the manufacturing process make possible a wide range of colors. Sand, talc, or mica is appHed to the back surface. 

Vinyl Acetate—Ethylene Copolymers. In these random copolymers, the ratio of ethylene to vinyl acetate (EVA) is varied from 30—60%. As the vinyl acetate content increases, the oil and heat resistance increases. With higher ethylene content the physical strength, tensile, and tear increases. The polymers are cured with peroxide. The main properties of these elastomers include heat resistance, moderate oil and solvent resistance, low compression set, good weather resistance, high damping, exceUent o2one resistance, and they can be easily colored (see Vinyl polymers, poly(VINYL acetate)). 

From a practical review, perhaps it can be stated that buildings and construction materials are exposed to the most severe environments on earth, particularity when the long time factor is included. The environments include such conditions as temperature, ultraviolet, wind, snow, corrosion, hail, wear and tear, etc. Basically the following inherent potentials continue to be realized in different plastics ease of maintenance, light weight, flexibility of component design, combine with other materials, corrosion/abrasion/weather resistance, variety of colors and decorative appearance, multiplicity of form, ease of fabrication by mass production techniques, and total cost advantages (combinations of base materials, manufacture and installation). 

Good gloss, weather resistance, optical clarity, and color excellent electrical properties... 

For coatings, common evaluations are in regard to surface quality, chemical resistance, color, and weathering/light stability (discussed below). Gloss and... 

Articles made from amino resins are water clear, hard, and strong, but they can crack. They have good electrical properties, and they have better colorability than phenolic resins. Amino resins are used as adhesives for plywood and particleboard but only in interior grades. They have low weather resistance and deteriorate when exposed to sun, heat, cold, and moisture. 

Urea and melamine are tetra- and hexa-functional molecules. However, the formation of a network polymer is prevented by adding alcohols such as w-butanol and by condensing with formaldehyde at low temperatures under basic conditions. While phenol resins have better moisture and weather resistance than urea resins, the latter are preferred for light-colored... 

Such thermoplastic resin compositions have excellent basic physical properties, weatherability and good appearance properties, such as scratch resistance, color stability and gloss. 

Because of the enhanced weather resistance, ASA is used extensively in the automotive industries, and further in general for outdoor applications. In particular, ASA polymers have been widely applied to glossy colored outdoor products including (17) ... 

Accelerated Tests. Weather resistance in an accelerated test is defined as the resistance of plastics towards changes caused by simulated open-air weathering (simulation of global radiation by means of filtered xenon arc radiation and periodic rain). After the weathering (measured by the product of intensity and duration), defined properties of the test sample are compared with those of an identical unweathered sample. Properties should be considered which are of practical importance, such as color or surface properties. For standards, see Table 1 ( Weathering in apparatus ). Apparatus test chamber, rain and air humidification equipment, air flow equipment, radiation measuring equipment. 

Bismuth vanadate pigments are used in the manufacture of lead-free, weather resistant, brilliant yellow colors for automobile finishes and industrial paints. They are suitable for the pigmentation of solvent-containing paints, water-based paints, powder coatings, and coil-coating systems. It can be mixed with other pigments... 

Nacreous and interference pigments are used as colorants or part of color formulations for all applications where traditional pigments are used, but where additional color depth, brilliance, iridescence, color shift (flop), and other spectacular effects are desired [5.253]. Mica-based pigments dominate their combination of pearl and interference effects, brilliance, stability, and weather resistance is unsurpassed. Furthermore, they are non-toxic [5.221],... 

Modern science and industry have provided a growing supply of material products. When they reach the end of their useful life, they become solid waste, and disposing of it has become a growing problem. Worst of all is over-packaging to stimulate sales, so discarded packaging is the major contributor to this solid waste. Plastics are not the major component of solid waste but because of their low density, bright colors, and relative weather-resistance, they are the most obvious component. It would be desirable to remove them from solid waste by recycling. 

CSPE have excellent combinations of properties that include total resistance to ozone excellent resistance to abrasion, weather resistance even in light colors, heat, flame, oxidizing chemical, solvents, crack growth, and dielectric properties. Also provide low moisture absorption, resistance to oil similar to neoprene, low temperature flexibility is fair at -40C (-40F), low gas permeability for an elastomer and good adhesion to substrates. Can be made into a wide range of colors. Use includes hoses, roll covers, tank liners, wire and cable covers, footware, and building products (flash, sealing, etc.). 

Bismuth vanadate pigments are used in the manufacture of lead-free, weather resistant, brilliant yellow colors for automotive OEM and re-finishes, industrial and... 

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