Water-soluble vitamins multivitamin determination

Water-soluble vitamins in formulations have been determined by use of ion-pair chromatography. The vitamins include several B vitamins as well as niacin, folic acid, and ascorbic acid (565). Vitamins D and Da were rapidly separated on reverse phase columns (247) as are vitamins A, D, and E in multivitamin tablets (564). Addition of silver ions to the mobile phase has been shown to increase the flexibility inherent in RPC by complexing with the unsaturated bonds and thereby decreasing the retention factor. This effect is also observed with other unsaturated drug molecules including steroids (247). Vitamin A and related compounds have... 

The potential of PBI LC-MS in the analysis of various vitamins was explored by Careri et al. [99-100]. The fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and E were analysed in food and multivitamin preparations [99]. Absolute detection limits in SIM mode were 0.6-25 ng after fast leversed-phase separation using a 97% aqueous methanol as mobile phase. Mass spectra in El, positive-ion and negative-ion Cl were obtained and discussed. The mass-spectral and quantitative performance of PBI LC-MS in the analysis of eleven water-soluble vitamins was also explored [100]. Detection limits were determined in SIM mode under positive-ion Cl, and were below 15 ng for ascorbic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, and pyridoxal, around 100 ng for dehydroascorbic acid, panthothenic acid, and thiamine, and above 200 ng for biotin, pyridoxamime, and pyridoxine. Riboflavine was not detected. 

An overpressured layer chromatographic procedure, with photodensitometric detection for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin pharmaceutical preparations, was developed and evaluated. HPTLC on silica gel plates with 1-butanol-pyridine-water (50 35 15 vol/vol) as mobile phase was used. The quantitation was carried out without derivatization [vitamin B2 (Rf value 0.30), vitamin Bg (Rf value 0.64), folic acid (Rf value 0.37), nicotinamide (Rf value 0.80), and vitamin C (Rf value 1.02)] or after spraying ninhydrin reagent [calcium panthothenate (Rf value 0.72)] or 4-demethylaminocin-namaldehyde [vitamin B12 (Rf value 1.84) and biotin (Rf value 0)]. 

Vidovic, S., Stojanovic, B., Veljkovic, J., and Prazic-Arsic, L., 2008. Simultaneous determination of some water-soluble vitamins and preservatives in multivitamin syrup by validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method. Journal of Chromatography A. 1202 155-162. 

Chen, P., Chen, B., and Yao S., 2006. High-performance liquid chromato-graphy/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of taurine and 10 water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin tablets. Analytica Chimica Acta. 569 169-175. 

Chen, P., Atkinson, R., and Wolf, W.R., 2009. Single-laboratory validation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic-diode array detector-fluorescence detector/mass spectrometric method for simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin dietary tablets. Journal of AOAC... 

The next generation of HPLC detectors, namely mass spectrometers, are now available and being deployed for water-soluble vitamin determinations in dietary supplements with electrospray ionization interface (ESI) (Holler et al. 2006). There remain obstacles to overcome for multivitamin analyses in complex food matrices, as co-elution of vitamins or excipients can compromise... 

Multivitamin preparations. Most water-soluble vitamins are polarographically active and can be determined in simple preparations without any difficulties. Difficulty is given, however, with complex multivitamin preparations. In a preparation containing in I O g (in addition to fillers) 2500 I.U. of vitamin A, 200 I.U. of vitamin D, 1 mg of vitamin Bj, T5 mg of vitamin Bg, 1 /ag of vitamin B 2> mg of pteroylglutamic acid, 0-5 mg of calcium pantothenate, 10 mg of niacinamide, 37-5 mg of vitamin C, 1 mg of vitamins E and 0-2 mg of vitamins K, the analyses were carried... 

Nuttall and Bush (1971) analyzed biotin in multivitamin preparations. The fat-soluble vitamins were first extracted, and the water-soluble materials were separated in three TLC systems biotin was resolved using the mobile phase acetone-acetic acid-benzene-methanol (1 1 14 4) and detected by spraying the plate with o-toluidine-potassium iodide. Groningsson and Jansson (1979) determined biotin in the presence of other water-soluble vitamins using silica gel TLC and the mobile phase chloroform-methanol-formic acid (70 40 2) detection was by spraying with p-DACA. 

Riboflavin is an ingredient of many pharmaceutical multivitamin preparations. Methods have been described for the determination of riboflavin and other, water-soluble vitamins (Bj, B, B12, niacin, niacinamide, folic acid, ascorbic acid). For... 

The simultaneous determination of the B vitamins, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, and pyridoxamine in a pharmaceutical product using CZE was described by Huopalahti and Sunell (90). Hydrochlorid acid was used for the extraction of the vitamins from the multivitamin-multimineral tablet. The applied potential was 6.0 kV, and a 75-p.m fused-silica capillary tubing was used. The electrolyte used was a 20-mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 9.0. A clear separation of standards as well as of the pharmaceutical sample is shown in Figure 14. This method appears to be a fast and simple technique for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in pharmaceutical products, where the... 

Gennaro (51) proposed a method for the separation of water-soluble vitamins by means of the ion interaction reagent using octylamine < -phosphate or octylamine salicylate buffer (at pH 6.4) as the interaction reagent and the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and a 2.5-p.m Spherisorb ODS C18 column (250 X 4.6 mm) as the stationary phase. The column effluent was monitored at 210 nm. Retention times of pantothenic acid obtained with octylamine t)-phos-phate and octylamine salicylate were 64.0 and 9.8 min. The method was used for the determination of pantothenic acid in a model mixture of water-soluble vitamins and also in a commercial multivitamin isotonic salt dietetic drink (Fig. 9). 

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