Panthothenic acid

Pantothenic acid (6.25) is a dimethyl derivative of butyric acid linked to j8-alanine. Pantothenate is part of the structure of co-enzyme A (CoA), and 

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High-specific activity D-P- H] panthothenic acid (Figure 10.8) was prepared from commercially available p-[3-3H]alanine using Escherichia coli strain DVl, which converted 85 to 90% of the input p-[3-3H]alanine to extracellular D-[3- H]panthoth-enate under appropriate growth conditions. The radiolabeled vitamin was purified... 

FIGURE 10.8 Structural formula of P-alanine and pantothenic acid. 1 — P-[3- H]alanine, 2 — D-[3- H]pantothenic acid, 3 — D-[l- C]panthothenic acid. Boldfaced letter H or C denotes radioactivity. 

Deficiency symptoms Deficiency of panthothenic acid is unlikely in man because of its widespread distribution in food, though it has been administered by mouth as a nutritional supplement as the calcium salt and usually in conjunction with other vitamins of the B group. 

The potential of PBI LC-MS in the analysis of various vitamins was explored by Careri et al. [99-100]. The fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and E were analysed in food and multivitamin preparations [99]. Absolute detection limits in SIM mode were 0.6-25 ng after fast leversed-phase separation using a 97% aqueous methanol as mobile phase. Mass spectra in El, positive-ion and negative-ion Cl were obtained and discussed. The mass-spectral and quantitative performance of PBI LC-MS in the analysis of eleven water-soluble vitamins was also explored [100]. Detection limits were determined in SIM mode under positive-ion Cl, and were below 15 ng for ascorbic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, and pyridoxal, around 100 ng for dehydroascorbic acid, panthothenic acid, and thiamine, and above 200 ng for biotin, pyridoxamime, and pyridoxine. Riboflavine was not detected. 

Vitamin B. See vitamin B complex thiamine riboflavin niacin panthothenic acid biotin cy-anocobalamin pyridoxine folic acid inositol. Vitamin C. See ascorbic acid. 

The answer is e. (Murray, pp 627-661. Sciiver, pp 3897-3964. Sack, pp 121-138. Wilson, pp 287-320.) Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is found in fresh fruits and vegetables. Deficiency of ascorbic acid produces scurvy, the sailor s disease. Ascorbic acid is necessary for the hydroxylation of proline to hydroxyproline in collagen, a process required in the formation and maintenance of connective tissue. The failure of mesenchymal cells to form collagen causes the skeletal, dental, and connective tissue deterioration seen in scurvy. Thiamine, niacin, cobalamin, and pantothenic acid can all be obtained from fish or meat products. The nomenclature of vitamins began by classifying fat-soluble vitamins as A (followed by subsequent letters of the alphabet such as D, E, and K) and water-soluble vitamins as B. Components of the B vitamin fraction were then given subscripts, e.g., thiamine (Bi), riboflavin (B2), niacin [nicotinic acid (B3)], panthothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (Bg), and cobalamin (B ). The water-soluble vitamins C, biotin, and folic acid do not follow the B nomenclature. 

In studying the mechanism of action of bisquatemary ammonium compounds upon mediator exchange in the vegetative nerve system, most attention has been concentrated on the part played by thiamine and panthothenic acid. The results obtained from these studies have shown that thiamine and calcium pantheonate as antidotes exert a certain positive effect in acute poisonings by one of the bisquatemary ammonium compounds, such as hexamethylen-bis-(4-nitrobenzene) chlorine ammonium. Calcium pantheonate has shown a high antidote activity. 

Panthothenic acid 1931/1938 Liver Coenzyme A Acetyl group transfer... 

Panthothenic acid (Bs) Lactobacillus casei Lactic acid Strong et al. 1941 Haydak et al. 1942 Kitzes et al. 1943... 

Table 18.40 lists data on the composition of some juices and nectars. Multivitamin juices are produced from orange and apple juice with the addition of banana slurry, passion fruit, mango, pineapple and papaya as well as a mixture of vitamins C, E, Bi, folic acid, niacin and panthothenic acid. 

Panthothenic Acid, a derivative of -alanine, is widely distributed in living tissue, and has been identified with an avian anti dermatitic factor found in yeast (Woolley, 1939). 

Panthothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. National Academic Press, Washington, D.C. 

From Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences USA (1998) Dietary reference intakes for folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B a, panthothenic acid, biotin, and choline, vol. 1. Washington DC National Academy Press. 

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