Water pollution Japan

Phenyl-2//-triazolo[4,5-/]quinoline was prepared and used as optical bright-ener, light, and drug stabilizer (86GEP1), whereas 3,5,7-3//-trimethyl-triazolo[4, 5-/]quinoline was identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry as a water pollutant of the Shinano River (Japan) (82MI6). 

Kariya, T., K. Kawase, H. Haga, and T. Tsuda. 1968. Studies on the post-mortem identification of the pollutant in the fish killed by water pollution — VB. Detection of nickel in the fish. Bull. Japan. Soc. Sci. Fish. 34 385-390. 

Liu, Z., Laha, S. Luthy, R. G. (1990). Surfactant solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil-water suspensions. Presented at the 15th Biennial International Conference sponsored by the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control, Kyoto, Japan. 

Okamura, H., Piao, M., Aoyama, L, Sudo, M., Okubo, T. and Nakamura, M. (2002) Algal growth inhibition by river water pollutants in the agricultural area around Lake Biwa, Japan, Environmental Pollution 117(3), 41 MI9. 

In the United States and Japan, as well as other industrialized countries, the regulating agencies have established stringent air and water pollution standards. Perfecting new technologies that will meet these pollution requirements is a real challenge to the process developer. 

Taka Hiraishi obtained his Bachelor of Science (1966) and Masters of Science for Industrial Chemistry (1968) from Tokyo University in Japan. He joined the Ministry of Labour (Occupational Health and Safety Department) in April 1968 and moved to the newly-established Environment Agency in 1971, where he worked in the fields of offensive odours, acid rain, the ozone layer, hazardous wastes, hazardous chemicals and water pollution, till 1996. 

Mr. Hiraishi was Director, Water Pollution Control Division at the Environment Agency, Japan (1987-1989). He also worked for UNEP from 1989-1998 consecutively as Co-ordinator of Support Measures, Programme Bureau Officer-in-Charge, Environmental Law and Institutions Centre Deputy Director of Policy Division Deputy Director of Environment Programme Division Assistant Executive Director for Environmental Information and Assessment and, President, UNEP Staff Association (in 1996). 

Recently, we developed sandwich ELISAs for each of the two distinct Vgs (Vg-530 and Vg-320) of the Japanese common goby (A. flavimanus) and used the two Vg assays to survey, for the first time, the impact of environmental estrogens on production of more than one distinct Vg molecule by a fish species146,147. These field studies were conducted in various coastal waters of Japan. The Japanese common goby is a suitable model species for monitoring chemical pollutants in coastal waters because of their broad distribution in brackish water and seawater environments... 

Yamamoto, S., Ishiwatari, R., and Hon-nami, H. (1981). Possible interaction of insoluble organic geopolymers (kerogen) with other organic compounds in the aquatic environment. II. Interaction with alkylbenzenesulfonates. Japan J. Water Pollut. Res. 4, 65-72. 

Kobayashi, 1., 1972. Air and water pollution by cadmium, lead, and zinc attributed to the largest zinc refinery in Japan. In Hemphill, D.D. (Ed.), Trace substances in Environmental Health. No.5. University of Missouri, Colombia, pp. 117-128. 

Similarly to air pollution, waste discharge into surface water has increased during the industrial age. This led to incidents of pollution across the globe until regulations were put into place to limit the types and amounts of chemicals that can be released into surface waters from industrial processes. Two examples from Japan are presented to illustrate some typical water pollution incidents that arose from industrial waste discharge. 

Corrosion of. power-station condenser tubes by polluted, waters has been particularly troubles ome in Japan anil efforts have been made to,study the problem by, electrochemical methods and by exposing model condensers at a variety of bower station sites ., Improved results have been reported, using tin. brasses , or special, tin bronzes. . Pretreatment with sodium dimethyldithiOcarbamate is reported to give protective films that will withstand the action of polluted waters , though the method would be economic only in special circurtistapcies., , , . ... 

Considerable research has been done in many industrial countries, especially in Japan and in the former U.S.S.R., on the radiation treatment of waste water and other liquid wastes (see Pikaev and Shubin, 1984 Sakumoto and Miyata, 1984). Apart from disinfection or sterilization, the processes involve the radiation treatment of polluted water, the radiation-induced decomposition of dyes, phenols, cyanides, and so forth, (vide supra). At the basis of purification of aqueous waste... 

Methylmercury in the marine environment may originate from industrial discharges or be synthesised by natural methylation processes. Fish do not themselves methylate inorganic mercury [62,64], but can accumulate methyl mercury from sea water [63]. Methylmercury has been detected in sea water only from Minamata Bay, Japan, an area with a history of gross mercury pollution from industrial discharge. It has been found in some sediments but at very low concentrations, mainly from areas of known mercury pollution. It represents usually less than 1% of the total mercury in the sediment, and frequently less than 0.1% [65-67]. Microorganisms within the sediments are considered to be responsible for the methylation [65,68], and it has been suggested that methylmercury may be released by the sediments to the sea water, either in... 

Shindo, J, Bregt, A. K., Takamata, T. (1995). Evaluation of Estimation Methods and Base Data Uncertainties for Critical Loads of Acid Deposition in Japan. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 85, 2571-2576. 

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