Water-aqueous

Both chloramine-T and dichloramine-T have marked antiseptic properties, chloramine-T being most frequently used because of its solubility in water. Aqueous solutions of chloramine-T can be used either for external application, or for internal application to the mouth, throat, etc, as chloramine-T in moderate quantities is non-toxic its aqueous solution can also be effectively used when the skin has come in contact with many of the vesicant liquid poison-gases, as the latter are frequently organic sulphur or arsenic derivatives which combine with or are oxidised by chloramine-T and are thus rendered harmless. 

Sulphonamides. Mix together 1 0 g. of the dry acid or 1 - 2 g. of the anhydrous salt with 2 5 g. of phosphorus pentachloride f and heat under a reflux condenser in an oil bath at 150° for 30 minutes. Cool the mixture, add 20 ml. of dry benzene, warm on a steam bath and stir the solid mass well to extract the sulphonyl chloride filter. Add the benzene solution slowly and with stirring to 10 ml. of concentrated ammonia solution. If the sulphonamide precipitates, separate it by filtration if no solid is obtained, evaporate the benzene on a steam bath. Wash the sulphonamide with a little cold water, and recrystallise from water, aqueous ethanol or ethanol to constant m.p. 

Protonolysis. Simple trialkylboranes are resistant to protonolysis by alcohols, water, aqueous bases, and mineral acids. In contrast, carboxyUc acids react readily with trialkylboranes, removing the first alkyl group at room temperature and the third one at elevated temperatures. Acetic and propionic acids are most often used. The reaction proceeds with retention of configuration of the alkyl group via a cycHc, six-membered transition state (206). 

Other options for the purification of CA include dissolution in hot water, aqueous ammonia, aqueous formaldehyde, or hot dimethylformamide followed by filtration to remove most of the impurities. The CA is recoverable by cooling the aqueous solution (84), acidifying the ammonium hydroxide solution (85), or cooling the dimethylform amide solution with further precipitation of CA by addition of carbon tetrachloride (86). Sodium hydroxide addition precipitates monosodium cyanurate from the formaldehyde solution (87). 

Water Aqueous solution Lead 500 r.p.m. sleeve propeller 250... 

Cotton-reinforced 350 High strength. Cbemical resistance depends on type of rubber used however, most types are noted for bigb resistance to water, aqueous solutions. 

Recrystd from water, aqueous EtOH, benzene or... 

Dicbloroetbylene [cis + trans 540-59-0] M 96.9, b 60" (cir), d 1.284, b 48" (trans), d 1.257. Shaken successively with cone H2SO4, water, aqueous NaHC03 and water. Dried with MgS04 and distn separated the cis- and trans-isomers. 

Isobutyl iodide (l-iodo-2-methylpropane) [513-38-2] M 184.0, b 83°/250mm, 120°/760mm, d 1.60, n 1.495. Shaken with cone H2SO4, and washed with water, aqueous Na2S03, and water, dried with MgS04 and distd. Alternatively, passed through a column of activated alumina before distn. Stored under nitrogen with mercury in a brown bottle or in the dark. 

Maltose (H2O) [6363-53-7] M 360.3, m 118 . Purified by chromatography from aqueous soln on to a charcoal/Celite (1 1) column, washed with water to remove glucose and other monosaccharides, then eluted with aqueous 75% EtOH. Crystd from water, aqueous EtOH or EtOH containing 1% nitric acid. Dried as the monohydrate at room temperature under vacuum over H2SO4 or P2O5. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Ammonia Water, Aqueous Ammonia, Household Ammonia Chemical Formula NH OH—HjO. 

Perbromyl fluoride is a reactive gas which condenses to a colourless liquid (bp 2.4°) and then solidifies to a white solid (mp ca. —110°). It has the expected symmetry Fig. 17.27 and decomposes slowly at room temperature it is more reactive than FCIO3 and, unlike that compound, it reacts rapidly with water, aqueous base and even glass ... 

Wasserhahn, m, water cock, water tap, wasser-haltend, p.a. containing water water-retaining, -haltig, a. hydrous, hydrated, containing water, aqueous,... 

Film coefficients for turbulent flow that exist on the outside or shell side of the conventional baffled shell and tube exchanger are correlated for hydrocarbons, organic compounds, water, aqueous solutions, and gases by... 

Most of the reactions considered in Chapter 3 involved pure substances reacting with each other. However, most of the reactions you will carry out in the laboratory or hear about in lecture take place in water (aqueous) solution. Beyond that, most of the reactions that occur in the world around you involve ions or molecules dissolved in water. For these reasons, among others, you need to become familiar with some of the more important types of aqueous reactions. These include—... 

As pointed out in Chapter 2, when an ionic solid dissolves in water, the cations and anions separate from each other. This process can be represented by a chemical equation in which the reactant is the solid and the products are the positive and negative ions in water (aqueous) solution. For the dissolving of MgCl2, the equation is... 

These procedures illustrate the use of N-ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3 -sulfonate as a reagent for peptide synthesis.2-3 Procedure A is recommended for peptides that are not soluble in either organic solvents or in water. Procedure B illustrates the formation of a peptide that is soluble both in organic solvents and in water. Por peptides that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water, the submitters recommend the use of Procedure B, except that the peptide product may be recovered directly from its solution in ethyl acetate after this organic solution has been washed successively with aqueous 5% sodium bicarbonate, water, aqueous 1 M hydrochloric acid, and water. Table I summarizes the preparation of various peptides by these procedures. Some more complex examples from other laboratories are listed elsewhere.2b... 

To a solution of 2-methyl-l, 3-dithiane (34.1 mmol) in THF (150 ml), cooled to -30°C, was added n-BuLi (34.1 mmol, 1.5 m in hexane) dropwise (3-5 ml/min). The resulting solution was stirred at —30 to — 20°C for 1.5 h, and then TMSCI (37.1 mmol) was added dropwise. After 2.5 h at -25°C, water (15ml) was added, then most of the THF was removed in vacuo. Water and pentane were added, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted thoroughly with pentane. The combined organic layers were washed with water, aqueous KOH (10%) and water, and dried. Concentration and distillation gave 2-methyl-2-trimethylsiIyI-l, 3-dithiane (26.8mmol, 78%), b.p. 102°C/9.5mmHg. 

AOS surfactant concentration was 0.50% wt in deionized water. Aqueous phase pH was 8.5. The headspace was flushed with nitrogen. All samples were equilibrated at test temperature for 24 h prior to shaking the sample tubes for 1.0 min to generate the foam. Times given are elapsed time from the termination of foam generation. 

Obviously, water, aqueous solutions of salts, and mixtures of highly hydrophilic solvents have also been found to be solubilized in the micellar core [13,44]. The maximum amount of such solubilizates that can be dissolved in reversed micelles varies widely, strongly depending on the nature of the surfactant and the apolar solvent, on the concentrations of surfactant and of additives, and on temperature [24,45-47]. 

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