Water and Aqueous Condensates

Wherever it is economically justifiable, the waste waters are largely reused within the plant so that as little as possible has to be discharged beyond the battery limits. Reusing may take the following form  

The higher the required quality of the water, the higher will be the treatment cost, above all for process condensates containing substances which are difficult to eliminate. The water to be discharged has to meet authority requirements which may be quite different from country to country. No general specification can therefore be given. Instead, Table 5.1 illustrates a typical waste water specification as it was valid in the Federal Republic of Germany since 1985. 

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