Exposure vibrations

Vibration High vibration level Repeated vibration exposure Long vibration exposure... 

The exposure action value (EAV) is a daily amount of vibration exposure, above which employers are required to take action to control exposure. Daily exposure action value is 2.5 m/s. ... 

Vibration Exposure. Health disturbances and injuries are related to the magnitude of the stimulus, its frequency content, and its duration. A generalized expression for exposure may be written... 

Within this family of exposure functions, usually only those with even integer values of m are of interest A commonly used function is the so-called energy-equivalent vibration exposure for which F(ajf)) = aj(t) and m = r = 2 ... 

A reduction in the metric will occur for a given acceleration magnitude if the duration of the exposure is reduced, as is illustrated by the following example (see also Vibration Exposure ) in Sec. 10.1.1). 

The symptoms usually disappear when the hand and arm or, preferably, the whole body is warmed. The vasospasm is succeeded by a short period of reddened skin, evidence of reactive hyperemia elicited by the net vasodilatory action of metabolites and other substances that have accumulated in the vasculature during the attack. Case reports of other skin color changes have been published from time to time, but their relationship to vibration exposure is most often unsubstantiated. 

Efforts toward international standardization have led to a document (ISO 5349 1986) containing guidelines for the proper measurement of hand-arm vibration exposure. In an informative addendum, which is not part of the standard, a model is proposed for the recognition of the risk of developing WF. Based on a... 

Heinonen E, Farkkila M, Forsstrom J, Antila K, Jalonen J, Korhonen O, Pyykko I (1987) Autonomic neuropathy and vibration exposure in forestry workers. Br J Ind Med 44 412-416... 

Bovenzi et al. (1995) examined 21 patients (16 women, 5 men) with SSc or localized variants of scleroderma. A significant association was found between exposure to organic solvents (aromatic hydrocarbons) and SSc (3 men, 1 woman). Among the male subjects, an increased odds ratio for SSc was observed for exposure to organic solvents, silica dust, and hand-transmitted vibration. Exposure to solvents and other chemicals was associated, albeit not significantly, with SSc among the women. 

Extensive blanching. Most fingers affected frequent episodes in both summer and winter Occupation changed to avoid further vibration exposure because of the severity of signs and symptoms... 

Cessation of vibration exposure may result in a reduction in the severity of the vascular symptoms, but this probably depends on the stage of the HA VS,... 

Table 17.1 Examples of vibration exposure values measured by HSE on work equipment...

Do machines comply with maximum permitted levels of whole-body vibration exposure levels ... 

These new Regulations implement European Directive Vibration Directive 2002/44/EC. They came into force in July 2005 with some transitional arrangements for the exposure limits until 2010 (2014 for WBV (whole-body vibration) exposure limit value for agriculture and forestry sectors). 

Nitti, R. De Santis, R, 2010. Assessment and prediction of whole-body vibration exposure in transport truck drivers. Industrial health, 48(5), pp.628 37. 

Wilder, D., Wasserman, D. Wasserman, X, 2002. Occupational vibration exposure. In R. Wald G. Stave, eds. Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace. New York Wiley. 

It is world-wide accepted that discomfort, reduced work efficiency and health impairments are problems found among professionals repeatedly exposed to Whole-Body Vibrations (WBV) (Melo Miguel, 2000 Bernardo, et al., 2014). The risk depends on its intensity and duration. Several standards define procedures for measurement and evaluation of Whole-Body Vibration (WBV), providing limit values and action levels . However, there are no studies demonstrating what is the dose of WBV that can cause any specific disorder related to the magnitude, frequency, direction and duration of vibration exposure (Griffin, 2004). 

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 2631-1, Mechanical Vibration and Shock Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration Part I General Requirements , specify how to measure and analyze WBV. Action limits and exposure limits values are presented in Table 1 (Lewis Johnson, 2012). To further evaluate transient shock vibration exposures in relation to human health, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published a new WBV standard, ISO 2631-5, in 2004. Long-term... 

An adjusted selection of seats, its regular maintenance, the existence of lumbar support and suspension mechanisms are very important. In organizational terms, either the redefinition of routes based on the road type or the establishment of regular rest breaks can also help to reduce the effects of vibration exposure. By drivers, speed adjustment according to driving conditions, physical exercise and healthy eating habits can reduce the effects caused by exposure to WBV. 

Blood, R.P., Johnson, P.W. (2012). Quantifying whole-body vibration exposures in metropolitan bus drivers an evaluation of three seats, noise notes, 11(1), 61-70. 

Lewis, C.A., Johnson, P. (2012). Whole-body vibration exposure in metropolitan bus drivers. Occupational medicine, 62(7), 519-524. 

Tiemessen, I.J., Hulshof, C.T., Frings-Dresen, M.H. (2007). An overview of strategies to reduce whole-body vibration exposure on drivers A systematic review. Internationa Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(3), 245-256. 

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