Vegetables composition

Moyer JL, Coffey KP (2000) Forage quality and production of small grains interseeded into ber-mudagrass sod or grown in monoculture. Agron J 92 748-753 Muller CH (1966) The role of chemical inhibition (allelopathy) in vegetational composition. Bull Torrey Bot Club 93 332-351... 

FIGURE 16.1 Similarity of vegetation composition between neighboured sampling sites along the salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea by means of the similarity indices of Sprensen and Jaccard (data from Feuerpfeil and Schubert, 2003). 

Set task Quantitatively measure AO content in investigated preparations since they constitute a vegetation composition and evaluate their effectiveness in improving the quality of life. 

Muller, C.H. 1966. The role of chemical inhibition (allelopathy) in vegetational composition. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 93 332-351. 

An experiment describing the analysis of the triglyc eride composition of several vegetable oils is described in the May 1988 issue of the Journal of Chemical Education (pp 464-466)... 

Com oil s flavor, color, stabiHty, retained clarity at refrigerator temperatures, polyunsaturated fatty acid composition, and vitamin E content make it a premium vegetable oil. The major uses are frying or salad appHcations (50%) and margarine formulations (35%). 

Fats and oils may be synthesized in enantiomerically pure forms in the laboratory (30) or derived from vegetable sources (mainly from nuts, beans, and seeds), animal depot fats, fish, or marine mammals. Oils obtained from other sources differ markedly in their fatty acid distribution. Table 2 shows compositions for a wide variety of oils. One variation in composition is the chain length of the fatty acid. Butterfat, for example, has a fairly high concentration of short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acids. Oils derived from cuphea are also a rich source of capric acid which is considered to be medium in chain length (32). Palm kernel and coconut oils are known as lauric oils because of their high content of C-12 saturated fatty acid (lauric acid). Rapeseed oil, on the other hand, has a fairly high concentration of long-chain (C-20 and C-22) fatty acids. 

In certain brilliantine compositions, vegetable and animal oils are used as substitutes for mineral oil. In these systems, because of their potential for rancidity, antioxidants must be included. Other alternatives to mineral oils that have found utiHty in brilliantines are the polyethylene glycols which come in a variety of solubiHties and spreading properties. Use of these materials offers the advantage of chemical stabiHty to rancidity. Other additives found in brilliantines to improve their aesthetics include colorants, fragrance, medicated additives, lanolin, and fatty acid esters. 

Frozeu desserts containing vegetable fat (mellorine-type) are permitted iu some states. A wide variatiou of composition exists depending ou iudividual... 

Palm kernel oil [8023-79-8] obtained from the nuts of the palm tree, is another frequently utilized vegetable oil and is somewhat similar in properties and composition to coconut oil (see Table 1). 

Palm oil[8002-75-3] is derived from the fleshy fmit of the palm tree rather than the nut as with palm kernel oil. Palm oil has a longer chain length distribution than palm kernel oil and provides properties and compositions more similar to tallow than to other vegetable oils (see Table 1). 

Most waxes are complex mixtures of molecules with different carbon lengths, stmctures, and functionaHty. Attempts to measure the exact chemical composition are extremely difficult, even for the vegetable waxes, which are based on a relatively few number of basic molecules. Products such as oxidised microcrystaHine wax not only have a mixture of hydrocarbon lengths and types as starting materials, but also add complexity through the introduction of various types of carboxyHc functionaHty onto those hydrocarbons during the oxidation process. 

Exempt colorants are made up of a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds representing the animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms. Some, like -carotene and 2inc oxide, are essentially pure factory-produced chemicals of definite and known composition. Others, including annatto extract, cochineal extract, caramel, and beet powder are mixtures obtained from natural sources and have somewhat indefinite compositions. 

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