Uterine sedative

Respiratory drive and rhythm are depressed by barbiturates. Coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, and laryngospasm may occur during anesthesia with barbiturates. Sedative ot hypnotic doses of barbiturates teduce heatt tate and blood pressure to levels found in normal sleep. Anesthetic doses produce more pronounced effects. Barbiturates cross the placenta when used in labor, they can cause respiratoty depression in neonates. Anesthetic doses dectease force and frequency of uterine contractions among pregnant women. 

N.A. Protein, flavone glycosides, shishonin, anthocyanin, perillanin chloride, aldehyde antioxine, citral, 1-limonene, alpha-pinene.100 This herb may be toxic. Antispasmodic, diaphoretic, sedative, treat pulmonary and uterine disorders. 

The effective oral doses of mifepristone are 100-600 mg, and at any dose the bulk of recipients abort. Of 150 healthy women who received the higher dose, 131 attained a complete abortion. Three women reported bleeding for more than 2 weeks after abortion 16 women had a reduced hemoglobin concentration of under 11 g/dl, justifying iron therapy. Other adverse effects were uterine contractions and pelvic pain (n = 4), transient asthenia (n = 3), and nausea (n = 2) (5). These findings seem to be typical, even though dosage schemes have varied as little as 100 mg orally has been used successfully with similar adverse effects (SED-12,1037 6). 

Black cohosh is said to possess antirheumatic, antitussive, sedative, and emmenagogue properties. It is used for intercostals myalgia, sciatica, whooping cough, chorea, tinnitus, dysmenorrheal, uterine colic, and specifically for muscular rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis. 

The case once made against use of iron dextran in pregnancy because of a supposed risk of possible uterine cramps (SED-9, 377) or a greater risk of systemic reactions (SED-8, 513) has not been substantiated. However, in one case a pregnant woman had anaphylactic shock as a reaction to intravenous iron, and this resulted in fetal cerebral damage (SEDA-22, 246). 

The possibility of increased maternal mortality is a topic of debate. In 1979 there were 150 maternal deaths (0.27 per 1000 births) in Germany, of which 15-25% were apparently related to regional anesthesia, with such complications as hypotension, systemic toxicity, total spinal block, hematoma, catheter rupture, and uterine injury (SED-12, 253) (154). However, obstetric regional... 

Some of these species are B. chinense, B. falcatum, B. gibraltaricum and B. kaoi, often used in combination with other plants as antihepatotoxic, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative, and antidepressive agents, in cases of menstrual complaints, uterine and anal prolapses, sudden loss of hearing and malaria [2-4]. 

Tanioxircn hits seen extensive use in treating primary breast cancers that arc ER dependent, For premenopausal women with metastatic disease, tamoxifen is an alternative and adjuvant with oophorectomy, ovarian irradiation, and mastectomy. Tamoxifen u.se. however, is not problem free. Tamoxifen increases the incidence of endometrial polyps. hyperplasia, and carcinoma and uterine sarcomas. The risk of endometrial cancer resulting from tamoxifen is. however. much lower than the "modest but highly significant reductions in morbidity and mortality of breast cancer." Becau.se of the increased risk of endometrial cancer with tamoxifen therapy, tamoxifen. should be u.sed to prevent breast cancer only in women at high ri.sk. Women without a family history of breast cancer or other risks should not use tamoxifen in this manner. 

Clemizole [ban, inn] is a benzimidazole, a histamine Hi-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST with SEDATIVE actions. It has been used for hypersensitivity reactions, particularly as an antipruritic, clenbuterol [ban, inn] is a P-adrenoceptor agonist, which can be used as bronchodilator and uterine SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANT. It also has been used as an anabolic. Cleosin clindamycin. 

Uses Natural flavoring agent in foods uterine tonic sedative astringent hypotensive antidiarrheal spasmolytic antiasthmatic botanical, skin conditioner in cosmetics... 

Traditional use Aboveground parts of the plant and seeds are used. The plant is poisonous. It is used as a sedative, anticonvulsant, and analgesic, and to treat chorea, epilepsy, pertussis, migraine headaches, cancer, and uterine fibroids (Khalmatov... 

Documented effects A decoction is recommended as a hemostatic for internal uterine bleeding. An acetone-alcohol extract of the herb has been introduced as a hemostatic treatment (Aliev et al. 1972). Zavrazhanov et al. (1977) stated this species has astringent, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, and sedative properties. The decoction of the herb is used to treat internal and uterine bleeding (Aliev et al. 1972) and also as an anticonvulsant (Fruentov 1972 Akopov 1981). A water extract, as well as a methanol extract and its fractions, were found to have antiviral effect on myxoviruses, herpes virus type 1, vesicular stomatitis and vaccinia virus (Zielinska-Jenczylik et al. 1987). In vivo, a methanol extract injected intravenously induced interferon in mice (Zielinska-Jenczylik et al. 1988). In vitro, low concentrations of a polyphenolic fraction from an extract of the plant stimulated free radical activity of human granulocytes, whereas high concentrations inhibited the activity (Fecka et al. 1997). 

Traditional use The herb is used to reduce swelling and as a hemostatic for uterine bleeding (Akopov 1990). A decoction and infusion of the aboveground parts is used to normalize increased heart rate due to stress, as a sedative and an antipyretic, and to treat uterine bleeding (Khalmatov 1964). Extracts from the plant are traditionally used to treat mild forms of hyperthyroidism (Vonhoff et al. 2006). 

Documented effects In experiments with animals, the alkaloid thalisopine acted as a sedative and had pronounced anticonvulsant activity which surpassed that of phenytoin and trimetin (Tashbaev and Sultanov 1962, 1965). When injected intravenously, it had distinct antiarrhythmic action on experimental models (Akbarov et al. 1972). The alkaloid cryptopine stimulated uterine smooth muscles, had vasoconstrictive action, and increased arterial pressure in narcotized animals. The alkaloid magnoflorine reduced blood pressure due to its ganglio-blocking action (Fakhratdinov 1971 Fakhrutdinov and Sultanov 1972). In anesthetized animals, intravenous injections of the alkaloid thaUcminine caused short-term reduction of blood pressure and heart rate (Abdalla et al. 1991). 

Plants that contain protoberberine alkaloids are reported to be used as analgesics, antiseptics, sedatives, and stomatics in Chinese folk medicine. In Indian and Islamic folk medicine, such plants are used for bleeding disorders and eye diseases, and as antiseptics, sedatives, stomatics, and uterine muscle depressants. Both quaternary alkaloids and their tetrahydro derivatives possess many substantiated biological and therapeutic effects, e.g., pahnatine, jatrorrhizine, and tetrahydropahnatine have been reported to show in vitro antimalarial activity. In China, tetrahydropalmatine is used as an analgesic, and has been reported to exhibit bradycardial, hypotensive, and sedative activities 4). 

Berberine has antifibrillatory activity, elevating the ventricular fibrillation threshold to electrical stimulation in anesthetized cats. Berberine also has anticonvulsant, sedative, uterine stimulant, and numerous other activities (see goldenseal). 

The numerous articles which have been published in recent months on the obstetric use of prostagiandins have not revealed imported new phenomena (see SED VIII, p. 929) but are gradually delineating their clinical usefulness. Since, contrary to oxytocin, the uterine contraction can be elicited at any stage of gestation by prostaglandins, their major field of obstetrical applicability has been found in the interruption of midtrimester pregnancy or the induction of labour when intra-uterine foetal death has occurred. 

---