Urinary antiseptics and

It is mainly used as urinary antiseptic and in diarrhoea caused by E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella. 

Buchu is believed to possess urinary antiseptic and diuretic properties. It has been used for cystitis urethritis, prostatitis, and specifically to treat acute catarrhal cystitis. 

Uva-ursi is known to have diuretic, urinary antiseptic, and astringent properties. Traditionally, it has been used for cystitis, urethritis, dysuria, pyelitis, lithuria, and specifically for acute catarrhal cystitis with dysuria and highly acidic urine. 

Hexopar inositol nicotinate nicotinic acid, hexoprenaline [ban, inn] (hexoprenaline hydrochloride [jan]) is a P-ADRENOCEPTOR agonist selective for the P2-subtype that therapeutically can be used as a BRONCHODIIATOR in ANTIASTHMATIC treatment, hexoprenaline hydrochloride hexoprenaline. hexuronic acid ascorbic acid, hexylcaine [inn] (hexylcaine hydrochloride [usan]) is an ester series LOCAL ANAESTHETIC, used by topical application for the local relief of pain, hexylcaine hydrochloride hexylcaine. hexylresorcinol [usan] is a urinary ANTISEPTIC and an ANTHELMINTIC. It inhibits melanosis (blackspot) in shrimps, and is used as a food additive for prevention of enzymic browning in shrimps and fruits, hexyltheobromine pentifylline. 

Identify nitrofurantoin, methenamine, and nalidixic acid as urinary antiseptics and describe their toxic effects. 

Related drugs include nitrofurantoin 6.15) (a urinary antiseptic) and metronidazole 6.22) (a nitroimidazole much used in amoebiasis and trichomoniasis). 

Dietary Supplements ealth Foods. Celery seed or celery seed extracts are used as flavoring or for anti-inflammatory, sedative, urinary antiseptic, and mild diuretic effects in herbal dietary supplements also in antirheumatic formulations (newall wren). 

C soluble in water, 95% alcohol, benzene, terpenes, ether, and alkali hydroxides used as an antiseptic and germicide and to stop mildew used in humans as a topical and urinary antiseptic and as a topical antiseptic in animals. f6r kl6r-0 thr5 ffv zT-l3,n6l ... 

Related drugs include nitrofurantoin (6.74, p. 200) (a urinary antiseptic) and metronidazole (6.19, p. 205) (a nitroimidazole much used in amoebiasis and trichomoniasis). Clearly, there is much to be discovered before it can be said how any of these drugs act so selectively, but the recent link of nitrofurazone with inhibition of RNA synthesis seems an important clue. 

Urinary antiseptics are drugs that exert their antimicrobial effect in the urine and are devoid of virtually any significant systemic effect. Prolonged use for prophylaxis and/or suppression is common in recurrent or chronic UTIs where other antimicrobials can be used only for short durations because they do not sustain sterility. 

Bacteriostatic drug. It is effective against a variety of gram positive and negative organisms including E. coli and Aerobacter. It is most commonly used as urinary antiseptic for prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections. 

Methenamine mandelate is a salt of mandelic acid and methenamine and both of these possess property of urinary antiseptic. It is rapidly absorbed in gastrointestinal tract and excreted unchanged in urine, where it broken down in acidic pH (< 5) of urine and formaldehyde is released, which inhibits most of the bacteria. It is administered with sodium biphosphate, mandelic acid or ascorbic acid to keep the urinary pH below 6. Its use is restricted to chronic, resistant type of UTI. 

Pure hexamine may be taken internally by some persons in small amounts and it is used in medicine as a urinary antiseptic, but with some persons jt is toxic. It can also be a skin irritant... 

Methenamine mandelate is the salt of mandelic acid and methenamine and possesses properties of both of these urinary antiseptics. Methenamine hippurate is the salt of hippuric acid and methenamine. Below pH 5.5, methenamine releases formaldehyde, which is antibacterial. Mandelic acid or hippuric acid taken orally is excreted unchanged in the urine, in which these drugs are bactericidal for some gram-negative bacteria when pH is less than 5.5. 

Nitrofurantoin has been used as an urinary antiseptic in calves and horses at an oral dosage of 10 mg/kg bw/day. It is absorbed rapidly and completely from the gastrointestinal tract. About 40% of the drug is eliminated in the urine, while the remainder is catabolized. 

Cystamine or Cystogen Trade name for hexamethylenetetramine (qv) used in medicine as an antiseptic for the urinary tract, and in the manuf of plastics and as ah accelerator for the vulcanization of rubber. Hexamethylenetetramine can also be nitrated to form th e expl called RDX or Cyclo-nite (See this Volume)... 

Boldo is stated to possess cholagogue, liver-stimulant, sedative, diuretic, mild urinary demulcent, and antiseptic properties. It has been used for gallstones, pain in the liver or gallbladder, cystitis, rheumatism, and specifically for cholethiasis with pain. 

Celery is stated to possess antirheumatic, sedative, mild diuretic, and urinary antiseptic properties. It has been used for arthritis, rheumatism, gout, urinary tract inflammation, and specifically for rheumatoid arthritis with mental depression. 

Meadowsweet is reputed to have stomachic, mild urinary antiseptic, antirheumatic, astringent, and antacid properties. Traditionally, it has been used for atonic dyspepsia with heartburn and hyperacidity, acute catarrhal cystitis, rheumatic muscle and joint pains, diarrhea in children, and specifically for the prophylaxis and treatment of peptic ulcers. 

Shepherd s purse has antihemorrhagic and urinary antiseptic properties. Traditionally, it is used for menorrhagia, hematemesis, diarrhea, and acute catarrhal cystitis. 

Yarrow possesses diaphoretic, antipyretic, hypotensive, astringent, diuretic, and urinary antiseptic properties. Traditionally, it has been used for fevers, common colds, essential hypertension, amenorrhea, dysentery, diarrhea, and specifically for thrombotic conditions with hypertension, including cerebral and coronary thromboses. 

Topical antibiotics with a narrow spectrum of action and low toxicity (eg, bacitracin and mupirocin) can be used for temporary control of bacterial growth and are generally preferred to antiseptics. Methenamine mandelate releases formaldehyde in a low antibacterial concentration at acid pH and can be an effective urinary antiseptic for long-term control of urinary tract infections. 

Hexamethylenediamine is used in the production of nylon 6,6 and mainly in making phenol-formaldehyde resins, where it is known as hexa. It is also used as a urinary antiseptic (Urotropine) as well as in the rubber industry and for the manufacture of the explosive cyclonite. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 4.1 Label Flammable Solid SAFETY PROFILE A poison by subcutaneous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. An irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Some persons suffer a skin rash if they come in contact with this material or the fumes evolved when it is heated. Human mutation data reported. Pure hexamethylenetetramine may be taken internally in small amounts and has been used in medicine as a urinary antiseptic. Its major industrial use is in the manufacture of phenolic resins. 

Phenazopyricline hydrochloride was formerly used as a urinary antiseptic. Although it isactivc in vitro again.st staph-yliK occi. streptococci, gonococci, and . coli. it has no useful antibacterial activity in the urine. Thus, its present utility lies in its local analgesic effect on the mucosa of the urinary tract. 

Usually, phenazopyridine is given in combination with urinary antiseptics. For example, it is available as Azo-Gan-trisin. a fixed-dose combination with the sulfonamide antibacterial sulfisoxazole. and a.s Urobiotic, a combination with the antibiotic oxytctracycline and the sulfonamide sulfa-methizole (Chapter 10). The drug is rapidly excreted in the urine, to which it gives an orange-red color. Stains in fabrics may be removed by soaking in a 0.25% solution of. sodium dithionite. 

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