Understand the Problem

The first step is to understand the context in which the thermai hazard information is needed. This might inciude information on materiais, reactions, processing conditions, previous incidents, if any, and any other avaiiabie information that can heip with the characterization. 

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The first of them to determine the LMA quantitatively and the second - the LF qualitatively Of course, limit of sensitivity of the LF channel depends on the rope type and on its state very close because the LF are detected by signal pulses exceeding over a noise level. The level is less for new ropes (especially for the locked coil ropes) than for multi-strand ropes used (especially for the ropes corroded). Even if a skilled and experienced operator interprets a record, this cannot exclude possible errors completely because of the evaluation subjectivity. Moreover it takes a lot of time for the interpretation. Some of flaw detector producers understand the problem and are intended to develop new instruments using data processing by a computer [6]. 

Product development The design and creation of applications to solve a problem. This phase is centered on understanding the problem and rapidly locating and assembling reuse capital assets to provide an implementation. 

In traditional terms, requirements and analysis are mostly concerned with the outside and boundary, from identifying and understanding the problem to specifying each externally visible component of an envisioned solution design focuses on internal structure and architec-... 

The requirements activity is aimed at understanding the problem and how the proposed solution will address it. The primary deliverables are as follows ... 

It is possible to interact with the various regulatory agencies (particularly the FDA) when peculiarities of science or technology leave one with an unclear understanding of what testing is required. It is best if such discussions directly involve the scientists who understand the problems, and it is essential that the scientists at the FDA be approached with a course of action (along with its rationale) that has been proposed to the agency in advance. 

Therefore, additional programmers with highly specialized skills are not required to add an expert reasoning capability to an existing computer progrsun. The programmers already on the project can also build the expert system. Not only does this save money, but these people understand the problem and are likely to do a better Job than someone whose primary interest lies elsewhere. 

In sum, if viewed apolitically, the problem of chemical hazards tends not to include considerations of (1) who gains and loses in risk decisions, (2) what logics and forces act on firms making such decisions, and (3) what responsibilities contemporary consumers are increasingly faced with, under the conditions of risk and uncertainty that result. A political approach to the risk ecology of the lawn, which addresses all these issues, seems relevant for understanding the problem. 

From the findings presented concerning the reactions of P4 it follows that the formation of Li3P7 and therefore also of P7(SiMe3)3 takes place in several interrelated reaction steps which influence one another, but which cannot yet be detailed. We lack both a detailed picture of the reactive behavior of these compounds and a reliable knowledge of the first steps of the formation reactions. Therefore we sought to understand the problem by investigating simpler systems able to help in its solution. A re " of this approach now follows. 

Since interlaboratory tests are a great logistical challenge, especially if there are a lot of participants, the personnel of the provider must have special organizational capabilities. To understand the problems associated with the analyses there must be technical... 

Every student who has just read that this course will involve descriptions of industrial process and the history of the chemical process industry is probably already worried about what will be on the tests. Students usually think that problems with numerical answers (5.2 liters and 95% conversion) are somehow easier than anything where memorization is involved. We assure you that most problems will be of the numerical answer type. However, by the time students become seniors, they usually start to worry (properly) that their jobs will not just involve simple, weU-posed problems but rather examination of messy situations where the boss does not know the answer (and sometimes doesn t understand the problem). You are employed to think about the big picture, and numerical calculations are only occasionally the best way to find solutions. Our major intent in discussing descriptions of processes and history is to help you see the contexts in which we need to consider chemical reactors. Your instructor may ask you to memorize some facts or use facts discussed here to synthesize a process similar to those here. However, even if your instructor is a total wimp, we hope that reading about what makes the world of chemical reaction engineering operate wiU be both instmctive and interesting. 

Table 2.3 contains a list of questions that can be used to gain this perspective. These questions are intended to stinmiate a brainstorming discussion to understand the problem, not to solve it. 

A brief summary of Laplace transforms necessary for understanding the problems in STM is compiled in Appendix G. 

In the next section the parameter design is explained for the experiments of this paper. This can be used as a guideline to understand the problem and the method by which the problem is tackled. 

Colvin, Rod. Prescription Drug Addiction The Hidden Epidemic. Omaha, Neb. Addicus Books, 1995. This book warned early of the trend toward addiction to prescription drugs. To help readers understand the problem, it contains the personal stories of people from diverse backgrounds who... 

Finally we may note that to take full advantage of the technique often requires a relatively high level of theoretical competence. However one of the interesting features about the technique is its capability for exploitation at many levels. Thus the technique lends itself not only to routine trouble shooting problems where often only a straightforward comparison is required without any attempt being made to understand the problem at a fundamental level and on the other hand the technique provides a powerful tool for the investigation of phenomena of considerable interest to a chemical physicist. We may note in this connection that the technique is quite competitive in terms of time taken to record a spectrum (typically 10 minutes)... 

The pollutants which increased dramatically in converting from oil/gas to coal combustion are particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. State laws, especially those governing emissions in urban areas, specify limits for both species. They could be met when low sulfur fuel oil or gas was burned, but coal combustion required new or upgraded pollution control devices. To understand the problem of coping with both of these emissions, it is simpler to treat the response to particulate control separate from that of... 

In passing TSCA, Congress found this combination of circumstances to be unacceptable. The Environmental Protection Agency was given 4 major powers under the Act to work toward better understanding the problem and eliminating "unreasonable risks" from chemical substances. They are as follows ... 

Many of the issues relevant to the above examples of adsorption (and the attendant) processes are beyond the scope of the present chapter. The topics we cover —such as adsorption isotherms, relating bulk phase conditions to the extent of adsorption and surface phases, and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) for studying surface structure — are the essential first steps in understanding the problems and the prospects engendered by adsorption phenomena. 

The nature of the complaint dictates the appropriate response, which could range from a conciliatory letter ( I am sorry you do not like our product... ) to a full public recall of product and cessation of production until a fault is resolved (for example a major incident of fermentation in a glass bottled product). In all cases the cycle of events must be to understand the problem, to identify the cause, to decide the response and then to take appropriate action. 

The classical problem of multiple solutions and undamped oscillations occurring in a continuous stirred-tank reactor, dealt with in the papers by Aris and Amundson (39), involved a single homogeneous exothermic reaction. Their theoretical analysis was extended in a number of subsequent theoretical papers (40, 41, 42). The present paragraph does not intend to report the theoretical work on multiplicity and oscillatory activity developed from analysis of governing equations, for a detailed review the reader is referred to the excellent text by Schmitz (3). To understand the problem of oscillations and multiplicity in a continuous stirred-tank reactor the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of these phenomena will be presented. For a detailed development of these conditions the papers by Aris and Amundson (39) and others (40) should be consulted. 

If the field representative fails to fully understand the problems, or fails to fully communicate and follow up with whatever actions are necessary to improve the performance-to-cost balance, the business will be eventually lost to the competition. 

The oxidation reaction of alkylaromatic compounds with cerium-ammonium nitrate in acetic acid medium is crucial for understanding the problem (Baciocchi, Rob, Man-dolini 1980) ... 

If a review of your net worth suggests something needs to be done to improve your financial situation, the best way to understand the problem is to compare what you earn to what you spend. This is called a cash flow analysis. It gets to the basic question of how much of your income is spent on debt service, consumption, and savings. It also answers the question of how much more you are spending than you have coming in—or vice versa. 

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