Ultraviolet radiation exposure

McCloskey, J.T. and T.T. Oris. 1993. Effect of anthracene and solar ultraviolet radiation exposure on gill ATPase and selected hematologic measurements in the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Aquat. Toxicol. 24 207-218. 

The layer of ozone that forms at an altitude of about 100,000 kilometers helps protest us from the Sun s short wave length ultraviolet radiation. Exposure to this radiation has been shown to increase the incidence of skin cancer. This ozone is chemically the same is the ozone discussed in this chapter but its production by sunlight and its value to humanity is entirely unrelated to the use of ozone described below. 

An acute (96-hour) dermal application of anthracene to the backs of hairless mice followed by ultraviolet radiation exposure for 40 minutes resulted in enhanced dermal inflammation compared to mice exposed exclusively to ultraviolet radiation. However, this effect was reversed within 48 hours (Forbes et al. 1976). Anthracene thus potentiates the skin damage elicited by sunlight exposure and may be considered a photosensitizer in hairless mice. 

E.M. Middleton, J.R. Herman, E.A. Celarier, J.W. Wilkinson, C. Carey, R.J. Rusin (2001). Evaluating ultraviolet radiation exposure with satellite data at sites of amphibian declines in Central and South America. Cons. Biol, 15,914-929. 

Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure - In adhesive bonding, a surface preparation technique in which the substrate is irradiated with high intensity UV light. Exposure to UV radiation results in chain scissions, crosslinking, and oxidation of the polymer surface. The effectiveness of this technique is dependent on the wavelength of radiation used. It is commonly used for polyolefins. Also called UV exposure. 

Ultraviolet radiation exposure includes both solar ultraviolet exposure encountered in natural and/or accelerated weathering, as well as exposure to UV sources in the laboratory. 

Hughes, A. M., Lucas, R. M., Ponsonby, A. L. et al. 2010. The role of latitude, ultraviolet radiation exposure and vitamin D in childhood asthma and hayfever An Anstrahan mnl-ticenter study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 22 321-33. 

UV = Ultraviolet radiation exposure Vis. = Visible light exposure. Acrylics. Aerobic = Exposure to the atmosphere. Anaerobics Cat. = Catalytic curing (usually by contact with metallic surfaces or primers). Polyurethanes Temperature, in C. Heat - unstated temperature RF - Radio Frequency,... 

Karha, P., Heikkila, A., Ruokolainen, K., Kaunismaa, M. A novel facility for ageing materials with narrow-band ultraviolet radiation exposure. Rev. Sci. Instmm. 82, 023107 (2011)... 

Another factor in oxidative degradation is ultraviolet radiation, of which sunlight is a rich source. The oxidation of parylene appears to be enhanced by ultraviolet radiation. 02one may play a mechanistic role in the ambient temperature exposure of parylenes to ultraviolet radiation in the presence of oxygen. For the best physical endurance, exposure of the parylenes to ultraviolet light must be minimised. 

An important effect of air pollution on the atmosphere is change in spectral transmission. The spectral regions of greatest concern are the ultraviolet and the visible. Changes in ultraviolet radiation have demonstrable adverse effects e.g., a decrease in the stratospheric ozone layer permits harmful UV radiation to penetrate to the surface of the earth. Excessive exposure to UV radiation results in increases in skin cancer and cataracts. The worldwide effort to reduce the release of stratospheric ozone-depleting chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons is directed toward reducing this increased risk of skin cancer and cataracts for future generations. 

The oxidation of hydrocarbons, including hydrocarbon polymers, takes the form of a free-radical chain reaction. As a result of mechanical shearing, exposure of ultraviolet radiation, attack by metal ions such as those of copper and manganese as well as other possible mechanisms, a hydrocarbon molecule breaks down into two radicals... 

Light and Toxic Reactions In many individuals, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun causes skin reactions such as erythema, thickening of the epidermis, and darkening of existing pigment. Exposure to ultraviolet light also increases the risk of different forms of skin cancers, especially malignant melanoma. ... 

A variety of mechanisms employing different enzymes repair damaged DNA, as after exposure to chemical mutagens or ultraviolet radiation. 

Recovery data indicate that little nitrosamine was lost in the procedure and none appears to have been formed. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation destroyed the BHP originally present and provided a blank sample which confirmed that no BHP was formed during the column extraction procedure. 

Miyachi, Y., Imamura, S. and Niwa, Y. (1987). Decreased skin superoxide dismutase activity by a single exposure of ultraviolet radiation is reduced by liposomal superoxide dismutase ptetteatment. J. Invest. Dermatol. 89, 111-112. 

O Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun is recognized as one of the primary triggers for skin cancer development. 

O Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun is recognized as one of the primary triggers for skin carcinogenesis. Based on their wavelengths, UV radiation is divided into three components UVA (320 00 nm), UVB (280-320 nm), and UVC (200-280 nm).15 UVB accounts for only 5% of the solar radiation that reaches the earth, but it is the primary carcinogenic component in the UV spectrum.15 The following sequence of events describes the process in which UV radiation causes skin cancer (1) UV radiation reaches the earth, and on the skin, it reaches the cells in the epidermal layer (i.e., squamous cells, basal cells, and melanocytes),16 (2) the UV radiation (specifically... 

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