UK,LABORATORY OF THE

STEVENS URETHANE UK,DEPT.OF TRADE IND. UK,LABORATORY OF THE GOVERNMENT CHEMIST SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON TOXICITY,ECOTOXICITY ENVIRONMENT AMERICAN COUNCIL ON SCIENCE HEALTH EUROPEAN COMMISSION TNO PLASTICS RUBBER RESEARCH INSTITUTE DENMARK EU EUROPEAN COMMUNITY EUROPEAN UNION FRANCE NETHERLANDS SCANDINAVIA UK USA WESTERN EUROPE WESTERN EUROPE-GENERAL... 

EURACHEM (1998), Eurachem guide the fitness for purpose of analytical methods (Teddington, UK Laboratory of the Government Chemist). 

Secondly, many of the world s trade lists and inventories of chemicals, both in printed form and as computer databases, primarily use nomenclature and do not contain structures. Examples include the European Customs Inventory of Chemicals and the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS), both produced by the Commission of the European Communities. The lists of recommended International Non-proprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances, produced by the World Health Organisation, give the lUPAC name with the INN. Lists of hazardous substances also tend to use nomenclature, for instance the UN list of Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Users of these lists, such as the UK Laboratory of the Government Chemist, who need to pursue investigation of particular entries in other chemical information systems, are limited to nomenclature input. 

The project is managed through the Laboratory of the Government Chemist in Teddington, UK, and is part of the British government s Foresight link program [45]. The cost of the Lab-on-a-Chip project was 3.2 million. Two key tasks are the exploration of reactions and processes on a micro-scale and the commercialization of the results. 

Laboratory of the Government Chemist Queens Road, Teddington Middlesex TWii oLY, England E-mail VED lgc.co.uk... 

Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie, France International Organization for Standardization ISO Council Committee on Reference Materials International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK, formerly NPL National Bureau of Standards, USA, now NIST National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, USA National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, UK Japanese National Institute for Environmental Studies National Institute of Occup. Health, Oslo, Norway National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, formerly NBS,... 

LOMI [Low oxidation metal ions] A process for decontaminating parts of nuclear reactors by washing with aqueous solutions of low-valency transition metal ions. Developed at the Berkley laboratories of the UK Atomic Energy Authority in the early 1980s. 

Abbott and Wagstaff [251] of the Laboratory of the Government Chemist UK have described a thin layer chromatographic method for the identification of 12 acidic herbicides and 19 nitrogenous herbicides (carbamates, substituted ureas and triazine). 

Hydrocarbon distillates in the gas oil range ( diesel or derv ) are subject to duty when used as a road fuel. Gas oil, which is often identical to diesel oil in hydrocarbon composition, is exempt from duty when used for stationary machines. In order to prevent its misuse as a road fuel, gas oil is marked with a mixture of 1,4-dfhydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin), 2-fiirfuraldehyde (furfural) and a red dye. An automatic method for the extraction, identification and determination of quinizarin in gas oil has been used hy the Laboratory of the Government Chemist (LGC) for some years. The presence of furfiiral provides evidence for legal prosecution and the numbers of analyses ordered in the UK merit automatic analysis. 

Standard reference materials are available from several suppliers in the UK, a selection of agricultural substances is available from the Laboratory of the Government Chemist, and in the US from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), where the Standard Reference Materials programme is described at ... 

The Laboratory of the Government Chemist (LGC) and Eurachem-UK has developed a guidance document with definitions and step-by-step instructions for equipment qualification [2]. 

In the UK, statutory surveillance is undertaken for the Laboratory of the Government Chemist and the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland s... 

The resulting calibration function is traceable to two reference materials for which the acid-soluble parts of nickel are certified the river clay sediment (LGC 6139, Laboratory of the Government Chemist, Teddington, UK) with a certified concentration of 38 1 mg/kg, and the soil BRM 04 (Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und -priifung, Berlin, Germany) with a certified concentration of 22.7 3.7 mg/kg (mean of three labs). Both materials comply with the requirements of reference materials, as mentioned above. 

The UK, like many other industrialised countries, has a long history of governmental action to ensure and underpin the reliability of chemical measurements. It is only in recent years that the emphasis has moved towards traceable chemical measurements but most of the requirements remain essentially the same. Moreover, one UK organisation LGC, The Laboratory of The Government Chemist has been at the forefront of this type of activity for over 150 years [1]. In the 1980s LGC s role was extended by the UK government s VAM... 

The Facility (Fig. 2) has been established to support the development of traceable chemical measurements by UK analytical laboratories, in particular to meet the requirements of ISO 17025. It will also link UK laboratories into the national and international chemical measurement systems to ensure the future world-wide acceptance of their data. An important role is to provide a single point of focus for a wide range of chemical measurement and calibration services provided by LGC as part of its delivery of VAM. 

EURACHEM. 1996, Method validation - a laboratory guide. EURACHEM Secretariat. Laboratory of the Government Chemist, Teddington. UK, 1996. 

The laboratory of the Government Chemist in London undertakes the analysis of tobacco smokes in order to produce league tables (Fig. 20) of the tar and nicotine content of all cigarette brands available in the UK, on behalf of the British government. In this context tar is defined as the total particulate matter present in the main-stream smoke (inhaled smoke), adjusted for its content of water and nicotine alkaloids. Nicotine is defined as the total nicotine-type alkaloids present in the mainstream smoke both are expressed in mg per cigarette. The tar and nicotine league tables are published every six months, and include details of approximately 130 brands of cigarette. 

A/ote CRMs can be obtained from appropriate suppliers, e.g. Laboratory of the Government Chemist in the UK or the National Institute for Science and Technology in lihe USA. In addition to the CRM, a certificate is provided that contains information on the ebneentration of various metals within the sample. as well as their variation (normally quoted as one standard deviation either side of the mean value), e.g. 2.5 0.3 igg Pb, CRMs are used to test the accuracy of a new method or to enable a quality control scheme to be operated by a commercial laboratory. In practical work they are useful to assess student performance in terms of his/her ability to prepare and analyse a sample. 

Measurements, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (EC-JRC-IRMM), the National Research Council (NRC), Canada, the Laboratory of the Government Chemist (LGC), UK, and the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan. 

Laboratory of the Government Chemist, Queens Road, Tedding ton, Middlesex, TW11 OLY, UK... 

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