Tread rubber

A process used in the retreading of pneumatic tyres, whereby the new tread rubber is applied by extruding and winding a ribbon of uncured rubber (approximately 35 mm wide and 2.5 mm thick) on to the buffed and solutioned tyre casing. Organic Chemistry... 

Other versions of the machine are designed for specific purposes, e.g., a twin ram machine capable of producing a continuous extrusion, and versions capable of applying tread rubber directly to a buffed tyre carcass whilst simultaneously forming the tread pattern. 

A pre-cured tread with pattern is prepared by moulding. A thin strip of unvulcanised cushion rubber compound is inserted between the casing and the tread rubber to form the bonding agent between the new and old components. The tread is then applied to the casing and consolidated by pressure. The cushion rubber is then vulcanised. This is also known as cold retreading . 

Tires and tire products, including tread rubber, 77% mechanical goods, 15% automotive, 5% miscellaneous, 3%... 

Overcuring is encountered to some degree in all compounds of any thickness because of the slow conductance of heat through rubber. Earthmover tires may have tire shoulder gauges in excess of 0.3 m (M2 in.). The outside/inside are overcured to effect a satisfactory state-of-cure in the tread rubber. 

Of course, the above applies when staying within a given tread design and at equivalent tread stiffness. Tire designs that allow water to be channeled out of the tread rubber/road contact area are significantly superior to those that do not, even when more contact area is available. Tread element stiffness plays an important role in traction capabilities as softer treads have less column stiffness and reduce tread void areas, ie, there is more rubber on the road but this is offset if water channeling is significandy reduced. 

N115 160 113 Tire treads, rubber goods with high abrasion resistance (also as blend with N220 and N330 and N326)... 

In the Tirecycle process, first developed in 1982, finely ground scrap rubber is treated with a liquid polymer to form a reclaimed rubber product. RRE literature claims superior bonding properties and suggests use in tread rubber and other products including washers, mats, car parts, and tiedowns. The Tirecycle product is claimed to be useful with thermoplastics such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene, as well as polyvinyl chloride, polyesters, and urethanes. 

Tire tread rubber formulations were prepared by Parker [4] and consisted of poly(styrene-co-butadiene) rubber terminated with iV-isopropylphenylnitrone, (III), to promote interaction between the polymer end-groups and carbon black and silica fillers to reduce hysteresis. 

Spatulas, rubber Sponge rubber and sponge rubber products Stair treads, rubber Stationers sundries, rubber Stoppers, rubber... 

Kern, W.J., Futamura, S. 1987. Solution SBR as a Tread Rubber. ACS Rubber Division, Quebec, Paper 78. 

Nordsiek, K.H., 1985. The Integral Rubber Concept— An Approach to an Ideal Tire Tread Rubber. 

Waddell, W.H., Rodgers, M.B., Tracey, D.S., 2004. Tire Applications of Elastomers, Part 1. Treads, Rubber Division Meeting, Grand Rapids, MI, Paper H. 

Active carbon absorbents can also be obtained from the tire tread rubber particles containing good quality CB. This was accomplished by treating the particles of 300 p,m size with the activation agents, such as potassium... 

Elastomers Car tires (tread) Rubber tubing Membranes, rubber-metal composites... 

Rubber balloons and plastic bags, when disposed off in the natural environment, are now considered to be a danger to wild animals. As l es wear out in normal use, the tread rubber abrades to particles with diameters between 5 and 100 pm [20]. The amount of tread rubber in atmospheric dust near an expressway has been found to vary fium 1.5 to 9.2%, with an overall average of 4.3% [46]. 

Polysiloxane added to tire tread rubber composition improves processing characteristics of rubber containing silica but also improves several characteristics of tire such as temperature dependency of hardness, grip on ice/snow, abrasion resistance, etc. Polysiloxane does not migrate from tire composition. ... 

The WET p and Tan 8 were measured in the evaluation of a rubber compound as the tread rubber of tire for the various rubber compounds containing the different tackifiers at the same level of 2.5 phr. The WET p, evaluated by a flat-belt type friction tester, refers to the coeflbcient of friction between the wet surfaces, and would reflect the tire performance in road gripping under wet conditions. On the other hand, the Tan 6 would be related to the rolling resistance of the tire compound and was measured by viscoelasticity tester. In general, as shown in Table... 

TABLE 4 Effect of incorporation of 2.5phr of tackifier on tread rubber... 

K. H. Nordsiek, The Integral Rubber Concept—An Approach To An Ideal Hre Tread Rubber, Kautschuk Gummi Kunstsoffe, Frankfurt, Vol. 38,1985, pp. 178-185. 

Oshima, K. Tire tread rubber composition containing nitrogen-containing cychc compound. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2002097310, 2002 Chem. Abstr. 2002,136, 280640. 

Amine or amide modification involves coupling the anionic polymer chains with a tertiary amine to obtain tread rubber compositions that meet tyre requirements for wet skid, rolling and wear resistance. Heat emission and wear resistance can be further improved by quaternizing the tertiary amino groups. 

Fig. 188. Dependence of the index of abrasion (v) of tread rubbers made from natural rubber with various antiaging agents on the testing temperature, a) Air b) nitrogen. 1) Without antiaging agents 2) neozone D 3) neozone D + flectol N 4) neozone D + MV 5) neozone D + 4010 6) santoflex AW.

As Fig. 188 shows, antiaging agents exert a substantial influence on the abrasion stability of tread rubbers made from natural rubber, both in air and in nitrogen. The most effective combinations of antiaging agents proved to be santoflex AW, neozone D +4010, and neozone D +flectol N. 

The vulcanized properties of a number of tread rubber candidates including the block copolymers, compounded in a HAF tread compound are shown in Table 1. 

Black filled tread rubber compositions contained 100 phr polymer ... 

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