TYRE CASING

A process used in the retreading of pneumatic tyres, whereby the new tread rubber is applied by extruding and winding a ribbon of uncured rubber (approximately 35 mm wide and 2.5 mm thick) on to the buffed and solutioned tyre casing. Organic Chemistry... 

Waste Tyres Case Study - Summary TYR0008 - DART Microbial Devulcanisation, Waste Resources Action Programme, Banbury, UK, 2007. 

Furthermore, concentrates may also be used as conventional additives in the same polymer or in different polymers. In this way a substantive antioxidant (or modifier) system can be produced with very high effectiveness especially under aggressive environments. In comparison, under such demanding conditions, conventional antioxidants will not only lead to premature failure of the polymer but also to dangerous situations such as in the case in food contact application (packaging), medical uses of polymers (artificial joints), and failure of aircraft tyres where human lifes are at risk. 

In some cases the modulus and strength are so low that fillers are often added for stiffness. Carbon black, as a filler, is used extensively in car tyres, and it is thought that the surface bonding with the rubber occurs, thus providing stiffness. Finely divided silica, which has been surface treated with organometallic silicon and titanium compounds, is also used. 

An assembly of plies of rubberised cord fabric used in building or making the casing of a pneumatic tyre. 

In a pneumatic tyre, that portion of the structure which holds the tyre on the wheel it consists of a circular assembly of steel wires insulated with rubber, suitably wrapped and covered with rubberised fabric to enable the bead assembly to be built into the uncured casing. 

In a pneumatic tyre, a strip or strips of textile or metallic fabric of more open construction than the casing fabric, placed circumferentially around the tyre underneath... 

Formerly termed braced tread, rigid breaker or belted tyre. A pneumatic tyre in which the cords of the casing plies run directly across the tyre section from bead to bead, and not at an angle as in a cross-ply tyre the breaker in a radial-ply tyre is an inextensible band which runs circumferentially round the tyre between tread and casing. It is made up of layers of bias cut fabric set at discrete angles to confer the required stability in the tread but maintain the flexibility in the sidewall. 

Applied to a pneumatic tyre with no separate inner tube. An air-impermeable lining, usually of a halogenated butyl, is applied to the inside of the casing. The bead construction is such as to ensure an airtight lit on the wheel rim. Inflation is done through a valve fitted directly into a valve hole in the rim. 

Tread wear during the life of a tyre represents a loss of only 30-40% of the actual tread compound. For worn, undamaged tyres a fresh patterned tread may be fixed to the casing. 

Zimmer-Faust, R.K., Tyre, J.E., Michel, W.C., and Case, J.F., Chemical mediation of adaptive feeding in a marine decapod crustacean the importance of suppression and synergism, Biol. Bull., 167, 339, 1984. 

Zimmer-Faust, R. F., Tyre, J. E., and Case, J. F., Chemical attraction causing aggregation in the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus (Randall), and its probable ecological significance, Biol. Bull., 169, 106, 1985. 

The abrasion resistance increases considerably when reinforcing fillers are added to the polymer. This is, in particular, the case with rubbers incorporation of carbon black (e.g. 40 weight parts per 100 rubber parts) increases the life of a tyre bead from 5,000 to 50,000 or even 100,000 km ... 

The second theory—winter-diffusion—would seem applicable to the particular case of the adhesion of like surfaces (known also as auto-adhesion ). Certainly it occurs in the welding of plastics, and in instances such as tyre manufacture when unvulcanized rubbers adhere spontaneously. On the other hand, it is unlikely that much inter-diffusion takes place when materials dissimilar chemically are brought together. It is well-known that many plastics are incompatible and if mixed will, over a period of time, tend to separate— forming eventually discrete layers. Behaviour of this kind is precisely the reverse of inter-diffusion. 

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