Data transport

Logs transportation data, schedules, and exceptions Tracks planned cargo shipments for location and time expected. 

Chatterjee, A. Wliolley, T. Guensler, R. Haiagen, D. Margiotta, R. Miller, T. Philpot, J. and Stopher, P. (1997). Improving Transportation Data for Mobile Source Emissions Estimates (NCHRP Report 394). Washington, DC National Research Council, Transportation Research Board. 

Figures 12-12 and 12-13 document that trap-free SCL-conduction can, in fact, also be observed in the case of electron transport. Data in Figure 12-12 were obtained for a single layer of polystyrene with a CF -substituted vinylquateiphenyl chain copolymer, sandwiched between an ITO anode and a calcium cathode and given that oxidation and reduction potentials of the material majority curriers can only be electrons. Data analysis in terms of Eq. (12.5) yields an electron mobility of 8xl0 ycm2 V 1 s . The rather low value is due to the dilution of the charge carrying moiety. The obvious reason why in this case no trap-limited SCL conduction is observed is that the ClVquatciphenyl. substituent is not susceptible to chemical oxidation.

There is a scarcity of oxygen-transport data for oxygen-deficient actinide oxide systems. Because of this, our understanding and predictive capabilities of the effect of the defect solid state on the properties of reactor fuel systems, as well as on the chemical state of fission products in these systems, are limited. 

Although cyclic voltammetry in a variety of electrolyte systems, and with a variety of doped polymers, has shown strong effects due to ion transport, it has provided little understanding. In fact, one of the important uses of ion transport data from the techniques discussed in the preceding subsections is that they help to provide an understanding of the cyclic voltammetry behavior of conducting polymer films. Their importance will... 

It is useful to be able to estimate diffusion coefficients either to supplement mass transport data or to compare with experimentally determined values. A theoretically based method to estimate the diffusion coefficient includes upper and lower bounds for small molecules and large diffusants, respectively [40], The equation... 

Higuchi applied this method to 2-naphthol as molecule A and used the resulting ratio for several compounds and complexes to treat mass transport data for com-plexation using a particular model. In general, ad hoc methods may be useful, particularly when dealing with a homologous series or a series of related compounds. 

With respect to the size and charge selectivity of paracellular pathways, equivalent pore theory has been utilized to calculate an effective radius based on the membrane transport of uncharged hydrophilic molecules, while equivalent circuit theory has been used to separate mediated from paracellular membrane transport of small ions. The term equivalent should be emphasized, as selectivity parameters are obtained from membrane transport data, so phenomenological information is used to quantitate the magnitude of aqueous pathways... 

FIGURE 17.4 Interactions between carotenoids during their transport through Caco-2 cell monolayers, (a) a-C effect on 3-C transport, (b) 3-C effect on a-C transport, (c) LUT effect on P-C transport, (d) P-C effect on LUT transport, (e) LYC effect on P-C transport, and (f) P-C effect on LYC transport. Data with error bars are mean + SD obtained from three or more independent experiments ( P < 0.05 compared with the carotenoid alone). (Modified from During, A. et al., J. Lipid Res., 43, 1086, 2002.)... 

If screening for carrier-mediated transport in any direction = both a nongradient and a pH gradient system should be used and bidirectional transport data should be reported... 

Successive H-bond urea self-assembly of 4 and sol-gel transcription steps yield preferential conduction pathways within the hybrid membrane materials. Crystallographic, microscopic and transport data confirm the formation of self-organized molecular channels transcribed in solid dense thin-layer membranes. The ionic transport across the organized domains illustrates the power of the supramolecular approach for the design of continual hydrophilic transport devices in hybrid membrane materials by self-organization (Figure 10.8) [42-44]. 

To eliminate the above uncertainties in the interpretation of the transport data, Hall-effect measurements were combined with layer removal on homogeneously doped n-type layers (Johnson and Herring, 1988a). The... 

As we have indicated in the previous sections, there is little information on sediment transport in the River Ebro, and most of it is concentrated in the lower reaches of the catchment, downstream the reservoir complex of Mequinenza-Riba-roja-Flix (Fig. 1). We present here a summary of the results obtained from direct measurements on suspended and bedload obtained by the UdL group during the period 2002-2004 upstream (i.e. SMS) and downstream (i.e. MEMS) the reservoir complex, together with the data collected downstream from the dams during the period 2005-2008 (in the later case referred only to suspended sediment). A hydrological context is provided for each of the sediment transport data sets. 

Rieckmann and Volker fitted their kinetic and mass transport data with simultaneous evaluation of experiments under different reaction conditions according to the multivariate regression technique [116], The multivariate regression enforces the identity of kinetics and diffusivities for all experiments included in the evaluation. With this constraint, model selection is facilitated and the evaluation results in one set of parameters which are valid for all of the conditions investigated. Therefore, kinetic and mass transfer data determined by multivariate regression should provide a more reliable data basis for design and scale-up. 

F. Netzlaff, K.-H. Kostka, C.-M. Lehr, and U. F. Schaefer. TEWL measurements as a routine method for evaluating the integrity of epidermis sheets in static Franz type diffusion cells in vitro. Limitations shown by transport data testing. Em J. Pharm. Biopharm. 63 44—50 (2006). 

Because of the possible effects of active and carrier-mediated processes and metabolic biotransformation, the issue of tissue viability is important for in vitro buccal mucosal experiments. The barrier nature of the buccal mucosa resides in the upper layers of the epithelium, where unlike in the stratum corneum, the cells contain a variety of functional organelles [119, 122, 125, 150], and so tissue viability may be an important component of the barrier function of the tissue. Various methods have been employed to assess the viability of excised buccal mucosa, including measurement of biochemical markers, microscopic methods, and linearity of transport data [42], While biochemical methods, including measurement of adenosine 5 -triphosphate (ATP) levels and utilization of glucose, provide information on the metabolic activity of the tissue, this does not necessarily relate to the barrier function of the tissue. In excised rabbit buccal mucosa, levels of ATP were measured and found to decline by 40% in 6 h, and this correlated well with transmission electron microscopic evaluation of the tissue (intact superficial cells) [32], In addition, the permeability of a model peptide was unaltered up to 6 h postmortem, but at 8 h, a significant change in permeability was observed [32], These investigators therefore claimed that excised rabbit buccal mucosa could be used for diffusion studies for 6 h. 

It has also been found that, generally, D decreases, C increases, and DC decreases with decreasing water content. In addition, there is reasonable overlap of the data for all membranes and a clear correlation with water content. However, it must be clarified that the water contents were measured at 298 K and represent "wet" (i.e., fully saturated) membranes. Thus, the correlation is with the maximum solubility of oxygen within the membrane, whereas the electrochemical mass transport data were taken at 323 K under conditions of 100% RH. 

Transport data have been reported for a huge number of proton-conducting materials, some of which are defined rather poorly. They have been recorded by a variety of methods under diverse conditions including ill-defined transient or steady-state situations (e.g., in a running fuel cell). Consequently, reproducibility and comparison of data from different laboratories is problematic. For this reason, we have only compiled the transport data that have... 

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