Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems Patches

Scopolamine is available as a transdermal drug delivery system fisr prevention of motion sickness. When placed behind the ear the system delivers 0.5 mg of scopolamine for 3 days. Mydriasis and blurred vision can occur if scopolamine from the patch comes in contact with the eyes. 

Hye Kim, J., Kim, S., Kwon, 1. B., Hyun Kim, M., 1. K., Lim, J. (2013). Simple fabrication of silver hybridized porous chitosan-based patch for transdermal drug-delivery system. Materials Letters. 95, 48-51. 

Transdermal drug-delivery systems offer several important adventages over more traditional approaches, in addition to the benefits of avoiding the hepatic first-pass effect. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are usually in the form of patches incorporating pressure sensitive adhesives. There are two basic designs for transdermal patches matrix or reservoir type. Matrix-type patches include monolithic adhesive and polymer matrices, whereas reservoir-type patches include liquid and solid-state reservoirs [71-73]. For various types of transdermal delivery systems, medical grade adhesive silicones are used as [73,74] ... 

FIGURE 10 Membrane-moderated transdermal drug delivery system (not to scale). Drug permeates from the patch reservoir through the protective outer layers of the skin and Is absorbed into the underlying capillaries of the general systemic blood circulation. 

Applied to the skin in a transdermal patch (transdermal therapeutic delivery system), this drug is used to prevent or reduce the occurrence of nausea and vomiting that are associated "with motion sickness. Diphenhydramine Chlorpromazine Ondansetron Dimenhydrinate Scopolamine... 

Transbuccal drug delivery systems are a new technology and spinoff of transdermal/topical drug delivery systems. Similar to monolithic adhesive matrix—type skin patches, transbuccal systems are designed to adhere to mucosal tissue in the oral cavity. A number of compounds are being evaluated in clinical studies.88... 

Transdermal Slow absorption, rate may vary Transdermal delivery system (patch) is easy to use Some irritation by patch or drug Permeability of skin variable with condition, anatomic site, age, and gender... 

Formulation and/or development of advanced drug-delivery systems such as microencapsulated molecules, transdermal patches, or liposomes are frequently accomplished in the laboratory. However, large-scale production of these dosage forms may be problematic because the same conditions of manufacture may not be attainable or desirable in the plant setting. Consultation with process development personnel during the finalization of the prototype development phase is one way of minimizing scale-up difficulties. 

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