Topical drug delivery systems

Nagai T (1985) Adhesive topical drug delivery system. J. Control. Rel. 2 121-134. 

Davis AF, Hadgraft J. Supersaturated solutions as topical drug delivery systems. In Walters KA, Hadgraft J, eds. Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement. New York Marcel Dekker, 1993 243-268. 

Transbuccal drug delivery systems are a new technology and spinoff of transdermal/topical drug delivery systems. Similar to monolithic adhesive matrix—type skin patches, transbuccal systems are designed to adhere to mucosal tissue in the oral cavity. A number of compounds are being evaluated in clinical studies.88... 

Ghosh, T., Pfister, W., and Yum, S. Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Systems. Buffalo Grove, IL Interpharm Press, 1997. 

Peterson, T., Wick, S., and Ko, C. Design, development, manufacturing, and testing of transdermal dru delivery systems, in Ghosh, T., Pfister, W., and Yum, S. (eds.), Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Systems. Buffalo Grove, IL Interpharm Press, 1997, pp. 249-298. 

In the development of topical drug delivery systems, it is important to understand the general distribution of a compound in skin and to know the precise ultrastructural localization of the permeant. It is, therefore, necessary... 

Machida Y. [Development of topical drug delivery systems utilizing polymeric materials]. Yakugaku Zasshi 1993 May 113(5) 356-368. Japanese. 

Biruss, B., Kahlig, H. and Valenta, C. (2007) Evaluation of an eucalyptus oil containing topical drug delivery system for selected steroid hormones. Int. J. Pharm., 328,142-151. 

Samir, R. D. 1997. Preformulation aspects of transdermal drug delivery systems. In Transdermal topical drug delivery systems, edited by T. K. Ghosh and W. R. Pfister. Buffalo Grove, 111., USA Interpharm Press pp. 139-166. 

Pandey M, Belgamwar V, Gattani S, Surana S, Tekade A. Pluronic lecithin organogel as a topical drug delivery system. Drug Deliv. 17(1) (2010) 38-47. 

Lingan, M., SathaU, A., Kumar, M., Gokila, A. Formulation and evaluation of topical drug delivery system containing clobetasol propionate niosomes. Sci. Rev. Chem. Commun. 2011,1 (1), 7-17. 

For other routes of delivery, the formulation considerations relating to polymers are less restrictive than for the parenteral route. Typically, for local rather than systemic activity, polymers can be used to enhance efficacy of topical drug delivery systems through solubility enhancement and or skin hydration. For transdermal delivery, polymers can have several roles, either as solubility modifiers, permeation enhancers or as aids in iontophoresis. The presence of multiple-charged species is a prerequisite for iontophoretic movement of drag molecules through the skin, so can be considered as an actuation process... 

X. Chen, L. Peng, and J. Gao, Novel topical drug delivery systems and their potential use in scars treatment, Asian J. Pharm. Scien., 7 (3), 155-167,2012. 

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