Time distortion

The carbene route to bridgehead olefins is a well established reaction and has been developed to a major method for the generation of bridgehead alkenes. The field has been recently reviewed by one of the main contributors to this area.1 The reversed reaction, the formation of carbenes from distorted olefins, has also been known for a long time. Distortion of the tt bond in alkenes is easily affected by photoexitation. In connection with those reactions, carbene chemistry has been observed and the field has also been reviewed some years ago.2... 

Time distortion was quite upsetting for an hour or so. He would constantly ask about the time and seemed quite concerned at the way it dragged. He was, however, more outgoing than Carter and much less suspicious, but expressed more direct hostiity, negativism and confusion. 

The simplest data reduction algorithm for FIDs consists in averaging the magnitudes of the complex FID signal over a data window positioned within its starting portion (Fig. 26). The window can be freely positioned in a way to cut out any dead-time distortions and, at the same time, minimize field-fluctuation effects. 

Other hallucinogenic drugs including substances related to LSD are mentioned under delirium. Phencyclidine and ketamine can also produce similar hallucinatory states without delirium including time distortion, distortion of body image, synaesthesia, visual hallucinations, depersonalisation, derealisation, paranoid ideation and a schizophreniform psychosis which includes the negative symptoms of schizophrenia (Gorelick Balster, 1995). 

The psychoactive compound ketamine can cause profound time distortions. According to writer James Kent, when the users enter a dissociative or emergenf state, time slows to a shuddering, thugging crawl—each moment stretching out into a sea of infinity and rolls sluggishly into the next. Seconds become minutes, minutes become hours, and eventually, in the peak, time ceases to have any meaning whatsoever. All branches of linear time bend in on themselves and collapse into a timeless and eternal state of simultaneous existence. ... 

Legends of time distortion are common in Christian and Islamic history. According to Christian legend, seven Christian boys of Ephesus hid themselves in a cave on Mount Coelian during the mle of Decius (AD 249-251), a Roman emperor who persecuted Christians. Eventually their hiding place was discovered, and its entrance blocked. The seven unfortunate youths fell asleep in mutual embrace. 

Several other formal features of Huxley s trance condition are of interest with respect to the analogy we have drawn with REM sleep dreaming. We first consider the relaxed posture, indicating a step on the path to cataplexy. In full-blown cataplexy, the assumption of a flaccid posture is associated with the inability to move on command and is thus similar to the active motor paralysis of REM sleep dreams. Anesthesia and amnesia were both present in Huxley s trance, although they tended to be selective, and when Huxley attempted to make them global, his trance deepened. Time distortion, a distinctive component of the orientational instability of dreams, was a robust aspect of Huxley s altered state. 

The (n)-propylamine counterpart (as if one were to move the amine function the other direction, from the beta-carbon to the gamma-carbon of the three carbon chain of the amphetamine molecule) is gamma-3,4-methylenedioxy-phenylpropylamine or 1 -amino-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane, GAMMA. The hydrochloride salt has a mp of 204-205 °C. At oral levels of 200 milligrams there was some physical ill-at-ease, possible time distortion, and a feeling of being keenly aware of one s surroundings. The duration of effects was 4 hrs. 

Cooper, L. F., and Erikson, M. H. Time Distortion in Hypnosis, 2d ed. Baltimore Williams Wilkins, 1959. 

As indicated in Equation 8.3, qtot is not generally simply equal to the reaction heat-flow rate qReact (see Equation 8.4) but is affected by other physical or chemical processes which have heat changes, e.g. mixing or phase changes. As will be shown in Section 8.3, even for a simple reaction such as the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride, a significant heat of mixing occurs which must be taken into account. Furthermore, it should always be kept in mind that the qtot values determined by a reaction calorimeter also contain measurement errors such as base line drifts, time distortions or ambient temperature influences. 

In frontier orbital terms this is because conjugation with a carbonyl group lowers the energy of the LUMO (the 71 orbital of the alkene) and at the same time distorts it so that the coefficient on the... 

Altered perception of the passage of time is the second common cognitive effect of cannabis (Chait Pierri, 1992). This is perhaps best described in statements like a few minutes seemed to pass like hours. Phe effect has been noted in both surveys and the experimental literature. However, the time distortion is not as pronounced in the research reports as it is in more subjective self-reports pro ided by marijuana users. 

A mathematical model of suitably high order can be made to follow any set of recorded transients exactly by varying appropriately the nominally constant parameters as functions of time - distorting the model . Clearly, the better the model the less will be the required distortion. More particularly, if the required distortion comes within acceptable limits (in view of approximations made in the model), then the model may be deemed capable of explaining the recorded transients. This notion accommodates instrument error and signal noise in a pessimistic way, since both make reconciliation between the model and the record more difficult. 

Increased cycle time, distortion during ejection, high after shrinkage, stresses/warpage, poor part release, etc. 

Mold release agents. When a plastic part tends to stick in the mold, a mold release agent is applied as an interfacial coating to lower the friction. Improper mold release can lead to long cycle times, distorted parts, and damaged tooling. The two types of mold release agents are internal and external. 

---