THF/methyl ethyl ketone

FDA-PFMB could be quickly dissolved in many common organic solvents at ambient temperature, including tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone... 

Figure 8. Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) data for poly ( sty rene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) blended with 20% polystyrene and cast from THF/methyl ethyl ketone (after Ref. 64)...

Benzene, chloroform, ether, toluene, THF, methyl ethyl ketone, carbon tetrachloride, MIBK Acetone, methanol, ethanol (21)... 

Butyl alcohol, n-butyraldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-meth-ylfuran, tetrahydrofuran, 4-methyl-l,3-dioxolane, 2-methyl THF, 3-methyl THF, and tetrahydropyran... 

FIGURE 3.13 Tensile stress-strain plots for acrylic rubber (ACM)-siUca and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-sibca hybrid composites synthesized from various solvents (a) ACM-siUca and (b) ENR-siUca. The letters after the rubbers in the legend indicate solvents used T = THF, M = methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), D = DME, E = EAc, CH = CHCl3, CC CCLj. (From Bandyopadhyay, A., De Sarkar, M., and Bhowmick, A.K., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 95, 1418, 2005 and Bandyopadhyay, A., De Sarkar, M., and Bhowmick, A.K., J. Mater. Sci., 40, 53, 2005. Courtesy of Wiley InterScience and Springer, respectively.)... 

In this paper a generalized approach is presented to the derivation of H-H-S equations for multispecies polymers created by addition polymerization across single double bonds in the monomers. The special cases of copolymers and terpolymers are derived. This development is combined with experimental results to evaluate the numerical parameters in the equations for poly(styrene-acrylonitrile ) (SAN) in three separate solvents and for poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate) (S/HA/MM) in a single solvent. The three solvents in the case of SAN are dimethyl formamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and the solvent for S/HA/HH is HER. 

Abbreviations MEK, methyl ethyl ketone THF, tetrahydrofuran DBP, dibulyl phthalate DMA, dimethvlaeetamide. 

As shown in Figures 5 and 7 the nature of the solvent does not appear to have any effect on T0 within experimental error. However, the solvent can have a profound influence on the morphology of cast block copolymer specimens. Thus, instead of the continuous polybutadiene phase normally observed, a continuous polystyrene phase appears to exist in Kraton 101 films cast from solution in MEK/THF mixtures (2). Methyl ethyl ketone has a solubility parameter of 9.3, only slightly higher than that of the solvents used in our work. It is clear from the data presented here that our films must have had continuous polybutadiene phases. 

Potassium hydroxide (1.0 g) was dissolved in a mixture of 30 ml of refluxing toluene/ ethanol, 1 1, and then treated with the Step 7 product (1.0 g) and refluxed 3 hours. The mixture was next treated with 10 ml of water, refluxed an additional 24 hours, cooled, and filtered, and the filtrate was acidified using 3M HCl. An orange precipitate was isolated, washed with 100 ml of water, and dried, and 0.75 g of product was isolated. The product was soluble in diethyl ether, THF, DMF, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, and related solvents having pH > 8. 

THF/25% tPrN aBz — benzene. MEK - methyl ethyl ketone. HF = tetrahydrofuran. diPrN = isopropyl amine. 0.9 100.6 ... 

The most important consideration in the selection of the filter is the compatibility of the hlter materials of constmction with the solvent. The solvents used in pharmaceutical processes can be very aggressive. They include acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), acetonitrile, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide (DMF), ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Filters with PTFE membranes and polypropylene supports are used in most applications. 

Solubility in organic solvents Tetrahydrofuran (THF is regarded as a solvent with very universal properties, however it is combustible and its vapors must not be inhaled (see Section 7.5.2). In addition, suitable solvents are acetone and methyl-ethyl ketone. Thermoset materials are generally insoluble, polyvinyl chloride, Plexiglas, polystyrol, rubbers and poorly crosslinked polyurethane are swellable thermoplastics. 

Solvents and Initiators. All polymerization solvents, ethyl acetate (EA),1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), cyclohexanone (CH), toluene and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were purified by standard procedures (12) and stored under N2 or over molecular sieves. All other solvents used, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), di-methylsulfoxide (DMSO), y-butyrolactone, hexane, diethyl ether, acetone, etc., were AR grade materials. Initiators, azobisiso-butyronitrile (AIBN), di-t-butylperoxide (DTBP), lauryl peroxide (LP) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were recrystallized (AIBN and BPO) or used as received from suppliers. 

Linear polyurethanes dissolve in various solvents such as ketones (methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), acetate alkyl esters (methyl acetate, butyl acetate), THF, dimethylformamide, methylene chloride, trichloroethane, etc. 

Griffin, et. al. [8] studied the solvent (THF, water, acetone, MEK (methyl-ethyl ketone), MEK/water and water at pH 3) effects on hydrogenation activity of N-phenylbenzylamine. They claimed that there was no reaction between flie ketone and the amine product. Aliphatic ketones were foimd to be the preferred solvents, with acetone being particularly effective. 

AC, acetone AN, acetonitrile B, benzene BuAC, butyl acetate BuOH, butanol CH, cyclohexane D, dioxane DBK, diisobutyl ketone DEA, diethylamine DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide E, ethyl ether EA, ethyl acetate EtOH, ethanol F, formamide H, hexane HAc, acetic add HP, heptane lO, isooctane IP, isopropanol IPA, isopropyl alcohol IPE, isopropyl ether MAc, methyl acetate MeClj, methylene chloride MEK, methyl ethyl ketone MeOH, methanol P, phenol PE, petroleum ether PrOH, propanol Pyr, pyridine T, toluene THF, tetrahydrofuran. 

Methylhydrazones act just like protic H—trapping reagentsJ i For example, the methylhydrazone of acetaldehyde 202 undergoes Pd-catalyzed reaction with butadiene to afford linear dimer 203 (1 mol % (Ph3P)4Pd, THF, 110 °C, 24 h, 89%) (Scheme 64). Methylhydrazones derived from propanal, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone behave similarly (80-86% yield). 

Phenylhydrazones exhibit another mode of reaction (Scheme 65). The reaction of butadiene with the phenylhydrazone of acetaldehyde 204 (1 mol % (Ph3P)4Pd, THF, 110 °C, 24 h) affords a 2 1 mixture of 205 and 206 (86%). A small amount of the protic (H—Y) trapping prodnct was also observed. The formation of 205 can be rationalized by addition of the phenylhydrazone in the fashion of a R (R )C=Y-type electrophile to a palladacycle in an Sgs fashion to 208 followed by hydride transfer to 209. Rednctive elimination conld acconnt for the formation of 205. Thns, 206 could be formed via a similar pathway, by addition of the phenylhydrazone in an rather than fashion. The proposed hydride transfer invoked to rationalize the formation of the observed products offers interesting possibilities and appears worthy of further investigation. Phenylhydrazones derived from propanal, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone behave similarly (60-95% yield), although the ratio of 205/206 and the proportion of the protic (H—Y-type) trapping product vary. 

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