Textiles history

Ryder, M. L. and T. Gabra-Sanders (1985), The application of microscopy to textile history, Textile History, 16(2), 123-140. 

Sheng, A. (1999) Why ancient silk is still gold issues in Chinese textile history. Ars. Orientalis, 29, 147. 

The study of the history of clothing and textiles traces the availability and use of textiles and other materials and the development of nanotechnology for the making of special applications. Therefore, the first chapter starts by review the textile history and its different types. After that the relationship... 

O brien, R, The Micro Foundations of Macro Invention The Case of the Reverend Edmund Cartwright Textile History, 1997,28(2), 201-233. 

Burt, E. C.,Bark-Cloth in East Africa. Textile History, 1995, 26(1), 75-88. 

Composites. The history of phenoHc resin composites goes back to the early development of phenoHc materials, when wood flour, minerals, and colorants were combined with phenoHc resins to produce mol ding compounds. In later appHcations, resin varnishes were developed for kraft paper and textile fabrics to make decorative and industrial laminates. Although phenoHcs have been well characterized in glass-reinforced composites, new developments continue in this area, such as new systems for Hquid-injection molding (LIM) and sheet-molding compounds (SMC). More compHcated composite systems are based on aramid and graphite fibers. 

Phthalocyanine pigments account for approximately 23% of the total worldwide organic pigment consumption of 225,000 tons. Approximately 20,000 t are used in printing inks, 10,000 t in paints, 9,000 t in plastics, 3,000 t in textiles, 7,000 t in dyes, and 2,000 t in specialty uses. Table 1 shows the worldwide distribution of cmde phthalocyanine capacity. The production history of phthalocyanine in the United States from 1980 to 1990 is given in Table 2 (161). The 1990 prices of phthalocyanine blue and green pigments were ca 11—22/kg and 21—27/kg, respectively. 

A number of disinfectants apparentiy owe their activity to formaldehyde, although there is argument on whether some of them function by other mechanisms. In this category, the dmg with the longest history is hexamethylenetetramine (hexamine, urotropin) [100-97-0] which is a condensation product of formaldehyde and ammonia that breaks down by acid hydrolysis to produce formaldehyde. Hexamine was first used for urinary tract antisepsis. Other antimicrobials that are adducts of formaldehyde and amines have been made others are based on methylolate derivations of nitroalkanes. The apphcations of these compounds are widespread, including inactivation of bacterial endotoxin preservation of cosmetics, metal working fluids, and latex paint and use in spin finishes, textile impregnation, and secondary oil recovery (117). 

In November 1997, Ferrari (France) invited Solvay to help them to solve a problem of recycling PVC coated textile for light mobile structures, especially ones used for shortterm applications (advertising). The Vinyloop is aphysical recycling process making use of an organic solvent to separate the PVC compound from the other materials in a PVC composite. It is a closed loop process the solvent is completely recycled. Aspects outlined include history and a description of the process, precipitated PVC compound evaluation and financial data... 

Grant, J. (1954), Materials of ancient textiles and baskets, in Singer, C. (ed.), History of Technology, Vol. 1, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, UK. 

E.S.B. Ferreira, A. Quye, H. McNab, A.N. Hulme, Photo oxidation products of quercetin and morin as markers for the characterisation of natural flavonoid yellow dyes in ancient textiles, Dyes in History and Archaeology 18, 63 72 (2002). 

This compound has entered pigment history as Hansa Yellow G . The commercial varieties are products with comparatively coarse particle sizes and specific surface areas of approximately 8 to 30 m2/g. P.Y.l provides good hiding power, it is used primarily in air drying paints as well as in packaging and textile printing. 

The chemicals featured in the behavior of many organisms also touch our own lives in important ways. They provide a sizable fraction of modern medicines, as well as perfumes, pesticides, and other products ranging from textiles to glue. Some of these chemicals have been in use for thousands of years and have intriguing histories. Others offer ways to save threatened environments all affect our own lives, and some do so profoundly. 

Certain Investigators, however, have expressed interest in the matter recently. The possibility that a history of asthma may increase the probability of an acute byssinotic reaction to cotton dust is suggested by a paper by Hamilton et al. ( ). The senior author of this paper had had asthma as a child. Promptly after exposure to the air in a dusty part of a cotton mill he exhibited pronounced shortness of breath with tightness in the chest and accompanying major temporary decreases in FEVi and arterial oxygen tension. The episode is described as "byssinosis". The authors remark It is unlikely that many textile workers with an initial response to cotton dust such as the one described here would remain working in dusty areas." Although the authors state that "It is not possible from the present study to conclude that a prior history of atopy confers sensitivity to cotton dust", the present writers were left with the impression that the authors suspect that such may be the case. 

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