Testosterone in men

V.b.1.1. Androgen replacement therapy. Although serum testosterone in men may decline with... 

In h)rpopituitarism there is a partial or complete deficiency of hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary. The posterior lobe hormones (see below) may also be deficient in a few cases, e.g. when a tumour has destroyed the pituitary. Patients suffering from hypopituitarism may present in coma, in which case treatment is as for a severe acute adrenal insufficiency. Maintenance therapy is required, using hydrocortisone, th5Toxine, oestradiol and progesterone (in women) and testosterone (in men). For growth hormone see above. 

Intoxicating amounts of alcohol stimulate the release of cortisol, although the effect is more related to the intoxication than to the alcohol per se. SympatheticomeduUary activity is increased by acute alcohol ingestion but without detectable effect on the plasma epinephrine concentration and only a mild effect on norepinephrine. With intoxication, plasma concentrations of catecholamines are substantially increased. Acute ingestion of alcohol leads to a sharp reduction in the plasma testosterone in men, with an increase in the plasma luteinizing hormone concentration. 

Adrenal glands measurement of morning serum cortisol concentration or cosyntropin stimulation test Thyroid gland ultrasensitive determination of TSH Gonads sex hormone determinations (estradiol in women and testosterone in men) and gonadotropins... 

Gonads sex hormone determinations (estradiol in women and testosterone in men)... 

Antineoplastic Agent. Synthetic hormone. Stops production of testosterone in men. Decreases production of estradiol in women. 

Placebo-controlled studies Prolonged-release melatonin 2 mg at night (Circadin ) has been compared with placebo in a 6-month study of 791 adults with primary insomnia, of whom 534 took melatonin in the extension phase [45. The incidence and type of adverse events with melatonin and placebo were similar. Melatonin had no effect on vital signs, physical examination, electrocardiography, or laboratory tests, including prolactin, ACTH, T3, free T4, TSH, LH, FSH, estradiol in women, free and total testosterone in men, and cortisol before and after a Synacthen test. One patient taking melatonin had bouts of palpitation. There were no withdrawal effects after withdrawal of long-term melatonin. 

Determination of Urinary Testosterone in Men, Women, and Children Clin. Chim. Acta 14(4) 540-552 (1966) CA 65 1404Ih... 

LH-RH (Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone) agonists are drugs that inhibit the secretion of sex hormones. In men, LH-RH agonists cause testosterone levels to fall. In women, LH-RH agonists cause the levels of estrogen and other sex hormones to fall. 

Hypogonadism A condition resulting from or characterized by abnormally decreased functional activity of the gonads, with retardation of growth and sexual development or reduced or absent secretion of hormones from the sex glands resulting in low testosterone levels in men. 

Teriparatide can be used if bisphosphonates are not tolerated or contraindicated. Testosterone replacement therapy should be considered in men, and high-dose hormonal oral contraceptives can be considered for premenopausal women with documented hypogonadism. 

Biochemistry provides the explanation for Porter s observations a decrease in the plasma concentration of testosterone could account for the inability to perform whilst die reduced extent of feedback inhibition on die pituitary would lead to an increased rate of secretion and hence an increase in die blood concentration of luteinising hormone, which has been claimed to increase the degree of sexual arousal in men. 

Researchers discovered that MPA also had effects on men. When injected into a man, MPA accelerates the metabolism of testosterone while also suppressing its production. The result is a reduction of up to 75 percent in the amount of testosterone in the man s body, thus lowering the intensity of inappropriate sexual cravings and the frequency of unacceptable erotic pre-... 

Testosterone is the most important of the male sexual steroids (androgens), it is synthesized in the Leydig intersitial cells of the testes, and controls the development and functioning of the male gonads, it also determines secondary sexual characteristics in men (muscles, hair, etc.). 

The nonapeptide leuprolide is a synthetic analog of the decapeptide, gonadotropin releasing hormone, and it exceeds the activity of the natural hormone and significantly elevates the level of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in men, and estrogen in women. It also inhibits foUicle-stimulating hormone and leutenizing hormone. 

In men testosterone administration is indicated for primary hypogonadism, e.g. in Klinefelter syndrome or after orchidectomy, and for hypopituitarism. 

Anawalt BD. T in cheek buccal testosterone as a new treatment for androgen deficiency in men. In US endocrine disease 2006. Available from URL http // www.touchbriefings.com/cdps/cditem.cfm NID=1815 [cited 2008 Jan 05]. 

At high doses, ketoconazole causes a clinically significant reduction in testosterone synthesis and blocks the adrenal response to corticotropin. Gynecomastia, impotence, reduced sperm counts, and dimiiushed libido can occur in men, and prolonged drug use can result in irregular menses in women. These hormonal effects have led to the use of ketoconazole as a potential adjunctive treatment for prostatic carcinoma. 

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