Polyester terephthalate

The fiber has a tenacity of 4-5.5 g/d (36-50 g/tex) and an elongation at break of 15%-30% with nearly complete recovery from low elongation. Its specific gravity of 1.34 and moisture regain of 0.4%-5.0% are nearly the same as that of polyethylene terephthalate polyester. The fiber melts at 224°C and softens at about 200°C. The fiber is reported to be even more resistant to attack by acids and bases than terephthalate-based polyesters. The properties of this fiber were not sufficiently different from other polyesters to achieve reasonable market penetration, and the fiber has been discontinued. 

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Table 11.6 shows the uses of TA/DMT. TA or DMT is usually reacted with ethylene glycol to give poly(ethylene terephthalate) (90%) but sometimes it is combined with 1,4-butanediol to yield poly(butylene terephthalate). Polyester fibers are used in the textile industry. Films find applications as magnetic tapes, electrical insulation, photographic film, and packaging. Polyester bottles, especially in the soft drink market, are growing rapidly in demand. 

In order to obtain a ready-for-use sensor array, the probe was immobilized in a block copolymer matrix (polyacrylonitrile-co-polyacrylamide Hypan), which is completely penetrated by water if exposed to it [102], Prior to immobilization, the sensor membrane was cast onto an optically transparent ethyleneglycol-terephthalate polyester support (Mylar). The resulting sensor foil was glued on a black 96-microwell format matrix. The sensor arrays were analyzed by means of time-resolved RLI and PDI methods (see Sect. 2.1) with an optical set up as illustrated in Fig. 6 at an excitation wavelength of 405 nm. The ratiometric images resulted in similar calibration plots for both methods (Fig. 14). The limit of detection and the dynamic range of this sensor foil are comparable to those observed with [Eu(Tc)] in solution [103]. 

In the polyurethane industry, the polymeric glycols are prepared by anionic polymerization of epoxides such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Poly(tetra-methylene glycol), which was prepared by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran, was subjected to chain extension by reaction with diisocyanate (polyurethane formation) and with dimethyl terephthalate (polyester by alcoholysis). 

Japan s Showa Highpolymers, part of the Showa Denko group, and Korea s SK Chemicals both have small plants producing aliphatic (polybutylene succinate) and aliphatic-aromatic (polybutyrate adipate terephthalate) polyesters. Both firms also offer their resins in the USA. Showa s Bionelle products are used in commodity bags, agricultural films, traffic cones, and industrial trays. Some Bionolle grades are modified with diisocyanate chain extenders to improve stiffness and thermal properties. 

C. McNeill and M. Bounekhel Thermal degradation studies of terephthalate polyesters 1. Poly(alkylene terephthalates), Polym. Degrad. Stab., 34, 187-204 (1991). 

This type of lining was originally designed for the repair of sanitary services, and the first resins used belonged to the terephthalate polyester class. Interest at once centered on repairs to industrial waste lines and in some cases, it was obvious that better chemical resistance was required than that offered by this resin type. Although considerably more expensive, this same general system, but employing epoxy resins, is now also available. Of course, neither type resin is suitable for all waste exposures. 

Figure 8. Complex viscosity, storage modulus (G ) and loss modulus (G") vs. frequency for poly(pheny1-1,4-phenylene terephthalate) (polyester nr. A). G and G" correspond to the 4 days dried sample. Parallel plates. Strain = 3% and Temp. = 355°C.

When I started working at Victor Chemical Works in 1942, my boss. Dr. Howard Adler, wanted me to look into the possibility of making some phosphorus-containing polymers. It is known that organic phosphorus compounds have flame retarding properties. To put things in the proper historical perspective, at that time vinyl polymers and nylon were relatively new commercial products. (Polymers such as the ethylene terephthalate polyesters and polycarbonate were not introduced to the market place until many years later.)... 

Oitome Hajime, Kimura Tadashi, Tsuge Shin. Analysis of thermal destmction of terephthalate polyesters with the help of pyzolytic gas chromatogrephy/ZAzza/. ScL (1986), No 2, 179- 182. 

All the studies on these polymers have involved some aspect of laser ablation. The minimum fluence for a 248 nm laser pulse to etch the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (polyester) film has been determined while in other work on aluminized polyester this has been found to be dependent upon the film thickness . Fresnel patterns were obtained in biaxially stretched polyester films on laser ablation while other workers have found that the shock velocities approach the blast wave theory at fluences >1 J/cro 385 ipjjg surface properties of carbon fibre filled polyester has been studied following ablation by scanning electron... 

Are Polyesters Better Gas Barriers Than Polycarbonates Commercial alkyl terephthalate polyesters exhibit lower gas permeabilities than commercial bisphenol based polycarbonates. On this basis, polyesters are generally classified as good barrier polymers while polycarbonates are typically not regarded as such. Furthermore, the ester functionality has been assigned higher barrier values than the... 

Both conventional and liquid-crystal polymers can be processed by melt spinning. The principal requirement is that the polymer must not degrade before becoming molten. Examples are nylon-6, nylon-6,6 and poly(ethylene terephthalate) ( polyester , terylene , or dacron ) for conventional polymers and the Vectra series (see section 12.4.3) among the thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers. 

MAJOR APPLICATIONS Automotive, business machine, and electrical/electronics industries. PPO is mainly used to manufacture blends with high-impact polystyrene (HIPS). PPO/nylon, PPO/PBT, and PPO/polyolefin blends are also available on the mcuket. PPO based materials rank first in terms of total consumption among blends based on engineering resins such as nylon, polycarbonate (PC), polyacetal, and reinforced terephthalate polyesters (PET and PBT).( ... 

Terephthalate polyesters are based on terephthalic acid, the para isomer of phthalic acid. The properties of cured terephthalic-based polyesters are similar to those of isophthalic polyesters, with the terephthalics having higher heat distortion temperatures and being somewhat softer at equal saturation levels. 

Refer to Table 3.12 for the compatibility of terephthalate polyester with selected corrodents. Reference [1] provides a more comprehensive listing. 

Terephthalate Polyester Thermoset unsaturated polymer of terephthalic anhydride. 

Adams, R. E., Pyrolysis mass spectrometry of terephthalate polyesters using negative ionization, /, Polym. Sci Polynt. Chem. Ed, 20,119,1982. 

Othani, H., Kimura, T, and Tsuge, S., Analysis of thermal degradation of terephthalate polyesters by high-resolution pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Anal. Sci, 2, 179, 1986. 

Polyester, linear, high m.w. See Polyethylene terephthalate Polyester polyol... 

Chromium phosphate catalyst, dehydrohalogenating N-Benzyidimethyiamine catalyst, dimethyl terephthalate polyesters... 

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