Polybutylene succinate

Conventional processes for the production of 1,4-butanediol use fossil fuel feedstocks such as acetylene and formaldehyde. The biobased process involves the use of glucose from renewable resources to produce succinic acid followed by a chemical reduction to produce butanediol. PBS is produced by transesterification, direct polymerization, and condensation polymerization reactions. PBS copolymers can be produced by adding a third monomer such as sebacic acid, adipic acid and succinic acid, which is also produced by renewable resources [34]. 

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Polymerization of Bionolle 3001 (polybutylene succinate/adipate) using bio-based and petro-based succinic acid was examined. As for polymerization conditions and processability, there was no significant difference between these two types of resin. Mechanical properties of blown films processed from both resins were almost the same. The quality of bio-based succinic acid turned out to be good enough as a polymer grade. 

Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene succinate, polyurethanes, pyrrol idone, tetrahydrofuran, y-butyrolactone... 

Butanediol, adipic acid, butyrate, diethyl succinate, dimethyl succinate, maleic anhydride, polyamides, polybutylene succinate, pyrrolidinones, succindiamide, tetrahydrofuran... 

Development of synthetic biodegradable polymers such as polybutylene succinates (PBS) with improved stiffness and thermal properties. 

The 3-stage process involves utilisation of plant sugars derived from photosynthetically fixed C02 as carbon sources in the fermentation of organic acids, alcohols and amino acids. These substances are then used as building blocks for the chemical synthesis of polymers. Examples of polymers using the 3-stage process include polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate. 

Polybutylene succinate/adipate) (PBSA) from Showa Highpolymers and IRe Chemicals... 

Polybutylene succinate/carbonate (PBSC) from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical... 

Polybutylene succinate terephthalate (PBST) from DuPont... 

Japan s Showa Highpolymers, part of the Showa Denko group, and Korea s SK Chemicals both have small plants producing aliphatic (polybutylene succinate) and aliphatic-aromatic (polybutyrate adipate terephthalate) polyesters. Both firms also offer their resins in the USA. Showa s Bionelle products are used in commodity bags, agricultural films, traffic cones, and industrial trays. Some Bionolle grades are modified with diisocyanate chain extenders to improve stiffness and thermal properties. 

In 2005, Showa developed a new biodegradable formulation of polybutylene succinate (PBS), which is flexible but resists tearing because of its unique tangled molecular structure. 

South Korean company SK Chemicals produces SKYGREEN polybutylene succinate (PBS) thermoplastics based on aliphatic polyester and aliphatic/aromatic co-polyesters that were developed from SK Chemicals polyethylene terephthalate (PET) technology. SKYGREEN BDP products offer LDPE-like properties. They are used in films, disposable cutlery, food trays, hairbrush handles and paper coatings. Aliphatic versions biodegrade more rapidly and offer better processing and tensile properties than the aromatic-aliphatic grades, which cost less. 

Japan s IRe Chemicals also offers a polybutylene succinate product under the trade name EnPol 4000. Mitsubishi Gas Chemicals offers a PBS based synthetic biopolymer under the Iupex trade name. 

In February 2006, Japan s Mitsubishi Motors announced that it is to use the biopolymer, polybutylene succinate (PBS), in the interior of its new mini-car launched next year. In conjunction with Aichi Industrial Technology Institute, it has developed a material that uses PBS combined with bamboo fibre. PBS is composed of succinic acid, which is derived from fermented corn or cane sugar, and 1,4-butanediol. Bamboo grows quickly and is seen by Mitsubishi as a sustainable resource. In lifecycle tests, the PBS-bamboo fibre composite achieves a 50% cut in carbon dioxide emissions compared with polypropylene. Volatile organic compound levels are also drastically reduced, by roughly 85%, over processed wood hardboards. 

In previous publications, we have tested the association of TPS with different biodegradable polyesters polycaprolactone (PCL),2 polyesteramide (PEA),6 polybutylene succinate-adipate (PBSA),7 polybutylene adipate coterephtalate... 

HAS hindered amine stabilizer PBSA poly(polybutylene succinate-co-... 

Many of these new plastics are in the polyester family. One that is getting attention is PEF, polyethylene furanoate. Avantium opened a PEE pilot plant in the Netherlands in 2011. PEF reportedly is similar to PET in performance, but is 100% biobased [10]. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is available as a partially biobased plastic, from biobased 1,4-butanediol and petro-based terephthalic acid. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is similarly made from biobased succinic acid and petro-based terephthalic acid. Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) can be made from biobased 1,3-propanediol with, again, petro-based terephthalic acid. 

Showa Highpolymer (Japan) developed a wide range of polybutylene succinate (PBS) by polycondensation of 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid. Polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (PBSA), shown in Figure 9.4, is obtained by the addition of adipic acid. These copolymers are commercialized under the brand name Bionolle (Showa Denko K.K.). Industrial production of these polyesters from bio-based succinic acid was launched in 2012 by Showa Denko. Mitsubishi Chemical (Japan) produces and also commercializes partially bio-based PBS. 

The addition of a polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) compatibilizer into polypropylene-co-ethylene/polybutylene succinate blends and the subsequent irradiation allowed prevention of degradation mechanisms leading to mechanical stability. The cyclic anhydride group of the PP-g-MA first permitted compatibilizion of both polypropylene-co-ethylene and polybutylene succinate and a second action as an "energy sink."... 

Zhao, J.B., Li, K.Y. and Yang, W.T. (2007) Chain extension of polybutylene adipate and polybutylene succinate with adipoyl- and terephthaloyl-biscaprolactamate. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106 (1), 590-598. 

Recently, the production of a biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme from cheese whey by the phyllosphere yeast Pseudozyma antartica GB-4(1)W was studied [25]. It was reported that this yeast produces a cutinase-like enzyme, PaE, which has the ability to degrade biodegradable plastics. This enzyme was reported to have the ability to degrade several bioplastics such as PBS, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, poly(e-caprolactone) and polylactic acid. Fed-batch cultivation of this yeast in xylose resulted in the production of PaE with high productivity. 

PBS polybutylene succinate, PBSA polybutylene succinate adipate copolymer, PES poly(ethylene succinate)... 

Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). Manufacturers of polybutylene succinate, produced from polymerization of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol, include Showa Highpoly-mer, which produces Bionolle polymers SK Polymers, which makes SkyGreen BDP and Mitsubishi Chemical. Normally, the source of both monomers is maleic anhydride. However, Mitsubishi is working with Ajinomoto to produce succinic acid by fermentation of sugar and starch, providing a biodegradable polymer that is partly biobased. ... 

Spotlight on Specialty Chemical—Polybutylene Succinate, Nadini Chemical Journal, June 2003, http //www.nandinichemical.com/onlinejoumal/may03.htm. 

PBSA Polybutylene-succinate adipate PBT Polybutylene terephthalate PC Polycarbonate PCHA Polycyclohexyl acrylate PCHE Polycyclohexylethylene PCHMA Polycyclohexyl methacrylate PCL Polycaprolactone PCO Polycycloolefin PCS Poly-2-chlorostyrene PCTF Polychlorotrifiuoroethylene PCTFE Polychlorotrifiuoroethylene... 

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