Tensile Splitting Tests

These tests are performed by loading the standard 6" x 12" cylinder by a line load perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The tensile splitting strength in pounds per square inch (f ) can be defined as... 

For members subjected to bending, the value of the modulus of rupture % rather than tensile splitting strength f is used in design. The modulus of rupture is measured by testing to failure, plain concrete beams 6 in. square in cross-section having a span of 18 in. and loaded at two points, each 16 in. equidistant from the end supports of the beam (ASTM C-78). 

CEN EN 12390-6.2009. Testing hardened concrete - Fart 6 Tensile splitting strength of test specimens. Brussels CEN. 

Hardened concrete properties were determined from six 150-mm x 150-mm x 150-mm cubes. After 24 h, concretes were removed from the mold and cured in lime-saturated water until the age of tests. Compressive strength tests and splitting tensile strength test were performed to determine hardened concrete properties. The results of these tests are given in Table 6. 

According to the specification of rock mechanics experiments, split tests are conducted and the results of split tests are obtained. According to the results of split tests, the average value of tensile strength of marble can be obtained, namely a, = 8.78 MPa. 

Interfaces in cement composites 203 Table 7.1 Tensile strength (MPa) from splitting test (Brandt et al. 1992)... 

The tensile strength may also be established after the splitting test, described by Bentur and Mindess (2006), among others (also cf. Chapter 7.4). 

Tensile strength is a fundamental failure property but tensile strength testing is dependent upon the direction of force necessary to cause separation of a bulk structure with respect to the direction of compaction or consolidation. Split cell testers pull the sample apart at 90° to the direction of compaction whilst the lifting lid or vertical shear testers pull in the same direction as the compaction/consolidation stress was applied. Results obtained from both methods differ greatly because tensile testing has a poor record of reproducibility, possibly due to the fact that consolidated powders in the tester cells may not be isotropic. 

Strength Unconfmed compressive strength Triaxial test Indirect tensile strength test (such as Brazilian splitting test) Point load test (Zs50) Most widely used measure of strength Unusual, weak rock only Must be supported by compressive strengths 1... 

Different test setups have been used for the characterization of the tensile behavior of the unit-mortar interface. These include (three-point, four-point, bond-wrench) flexural testing, diametral compression (splitting test), and direct tension testing. An important aspect in the determination of the shear response of masonry joints is the ability of the test setup to generate a uniform state of stress in the joints. This objective is difficult because the equilibrium constraints introduce nonuiuform normal stresses in the joint. 

The tensile strength of compacts [30] also provides useful information. Excellent specimens of square compacts are necessary to conduct the tensile testing. For this reason, a split die [31 ] (Fig. 2) is used to make compacts that are not flawed. The split die permits triaxial decompression, which relieves the stresses in the compact more uniformly in three dimensions and minimizes cracking. These specimens are then compressed with platens 0.4 times the width of the square compacts in the tensile testing apparatus. (Fig. 3). Occasionally nylon platens and side supports are used to reduce the tendency to fail in shear rather than tension. The force necessary to cause tensile failure (tensile forces are a maximum... 

PETN, LX-04-1, PBX 9404, PBX 9011 and RX-08-AZ were tested using the Hopkinson split-bar technique. This technique allows data acquisition up to strain rates of ca 5 x 103 in/in/sec. The " dynamic" tensile strength of these expls is ca four times greater than their "static" strength. 

The spectrum from cis-polyisoprene tensile tested in (nominally) oxygen free nitrogen, shown in Fig. 32, is a six line spectrum with approximately 12 G hyper-fine splitting. Polymer radicals are centred around the free spin -value (g-= 2) and structure in the spectrum is invariably due to nuclear hyperfine structure. The peroxy... 

Fig. 24 gives a schematic diagram of the Ajax-WSL Tensile Test Machine it consists of a stainless steel horizontal circular cell (500 mm diameter, 10 mm deep), split diametrically, one half... 

Splitting Tensile Test. Results of the splitting tensile tests for various S-A-S mix designs are shown in Table VI. These are compared with the conventional asphaltic concrete mix design shown in Table V. 

The tensile stress-strain behaviour of the preceramic papers prepared was measured on a testing device (Instron 5565, Instron Corp., Canton, MA, USA) equipped with an optical extensometer. Commonly, the total strain e is split into elastic and plastic parts described by the Ramberg- sgood relation... 

Compression testing is particularly difficult for PMCs due to the occurrence of macro- and microbuckling modes. The rectangular prism specimen in ISO 604 is not suitable for laminated composites, as these will split vertically between the laminate layers when loaded axially in the plane of the laminations. Variations on these designs arc suitable for compression, and tensile testing, in the through-thickness direction (i.e.. direction 3 in Fig. 1),... 

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