Tandem mass spectrometry hybrid quadrupole

Boyd, R.K., Tandem mass spectrometry quadropole and hybrid instruments, Metftodi nzymo/. 193, 154-200, 1990 Jonscher, K.R. and Yates, J.R., 111, The quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry — a small solution to a big challenge. Anal. Biochem. 244, 1-15, 1997 Chemushevich, I.V., Loboda, A.V., and Thomson, B.A., An introduction to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, J. Mass Spectrom. 36, 849-865, 2001 Ens, W. and Standing, K.G., Hybrid quadrapole/time-of-flight mass spectrometers for analysis of biomolecules. Methods Enzymol. 402,49-78, 2005 Payne, A.H. and GUsh, G.L., Tandem mass spectrometry in quadrupole ion trap and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers. Methods Enzymol. 402, 109-148, 2005. 

Farre M, Perez S, Gajda-Schrantz K, Osorio V, Kantiani L, Ginebreda A, Barcelo D (2010) First determination of C60 and C70 fullerenes and N-methylfulleropyrrolidine C60 on the suspended material of wastewater effluents by liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. J Hydrol 383(l-2) 44-51... 

The instrumental analysis for the identification of UV filters degradation products formed during the fungal treatment process was performed by means of HPLC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry using a hybrid quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HPLC-QqTOF-MS/MS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hibar Purospher STAR HR R-18 ec. (50 mm x 2.0 mm, 5 pm, from Merck). In the optimized method, the mobile phase consisted of a mixture of HPLC grade water and acetonitrile, both with 0.15% formic acid. The injection volume was set to 10 pL and the mobile phase flow-rate to 0.3 mL/min. 

TOF analyzers are especially compatible with MALDI ion sources and hence are frequently coupled in aMALDI-TOF configuration. Nevertheless, many commercial mass spectrometers combine ESI with TOF with great success. For proteomics applications, the quadrupole TOF (QqTOF) hybrid instruments with their superior mass accuracy, mass range, and mass resolution are of much greater utility than simple TOF instruments.21,22 Moreover, TOF instruments feature high sensitivity because they can generate full scan data without the necessity for scanning that causes ion loss and decreased sensitivity. Linear mode TOF instruments cannot perform tandem mass spectrometry. This problem is addressed by hybrid instruments that incorporate analyzers with mass selective capability (e.g., QqTOF) in front of a TOF instrument. 

The TOF mass analyzer has a low duty cycle, and the combination with an ion accumulation device such as an ion trap is therefore very advantageous. It offers also MS capabilities with accurate mass measurement. In all acquisition modes, the ions are accelerated into the time of flight for mass analysis. Various other hybrid mass spectrometers with TOF have been described, including quadrupole ion trap [70] and linear ion trap [58]. High energy tandem mass spectrometry can be performed on TOF-TOF mass spectrometers [71, 72]. 

Yost, R. A. Boyd, R. K. 1990. Tandem mass spectrometry quadrupole and hybrid instruments. Methods Enzymol., 193,154-200. 

The ESI and APCI are both soft ionization techniques, hence the spectra obtained using these methods are usually very simple and consist predominantly of the pseudomolecular ion. When more information is required, tandem mass spectrometry is a popular option. Several different types of tandem LC/MS systems can be found, with triple quadrupole and ion trap being the most popular choices. Hybrid systems including magnetic sector-quadmpole, magnetic sector-TOF, quadrupole-TOF (Q-TOF) and ion trap-TOF have been described. The most successful among these hybrids is the Q-TOF instrument. 

Myoglobin peptides [146] Marine muscle tissue protein, probably of seal species Alaskan pottery fragment, 1200-1400 A.D. NanoESI operating in positive-ion mode, hybrid quadrupole FT-ICR operating in single and tandem mass spectrometry... 

Bradley, C.D. Curtis, J.M. Derrick, P.J. Wright, B. Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Peptides Using a Magnetic Sector/Quadrupole Hybrid-the Case for Higher Collision Energy and Higher Radio-Frequency Power. Anal. Chem. 1992, 64,2628-2635. 

Fast atom bombardment (FAB) Plasma desorption (PD) Liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS) Thermospray (TSP)/plasmaspray (PSP) Electrohydrodynamic ionisation (EHI) Multiphoton ionisation (MPI) Atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) Electrospray ionisation (ESI) Ion spray (ISP) Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI) Atmospheric pressure photoionisation (APPI) Triple quadrupole (QQQ) Four sector (EBEB) Hybrid (EBQQ) Hybrid (EB-ToF, Q-ToF) Tandem ToF-ToF Photomultiplier... 

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