T-Lymphoblast cells

The Evans-Chapman-Carreira reaction was used in the total synthesis of mac-rolactin A(3), one of the polyene macrolide antibiotics, which shows inhibition of HIV replication in T-lymphoblast cells in preliminary studies2(Scheme 4.2c). 

Some preliminary data also indicate substantial antitumor activity of all three types of alkynyl esters (94-96) towards murine leukemia cells (LI210) and human T-lymphoblast cells ". ... 

Fotoohi AK, Lindqvist M, Peterson C, Albertioni F. Involvement of the concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in the resistance of T-lymphoblastic cell lines to thiopurines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006 343 208-215. 

These methods have been applied to natural product syntheses. Kim et al. accomplished the total synthesis of macrolactin A 349, an inhibitor of HIV replication in T-lymphoblast cells (Scheme 8.58). ° Vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction of aldehyde 343 and dienolate 324 was promoted with catalyst R-325 to provide 0-silylated adduct 344 in high selectivity. Treatment of lactone 344 in hot butanol gave (3-ketoseter in quantitative... 

Ali AM, Umar-Tsafe N, Mohamed SM, et al. Apopotosis induction in CEM-SS T-lymphoblastic leukemic cell line by goniothalamin. J Biochem Mol Biol Biophys 2001 5 253-261. 

Wang Q, Worland PJ, Clark JL, Carlson BA, Sausville EA (1995) Apoptosis in 7-hydroxystaurosporine-treated T lymphoblasts correlates with activation of cy-clin-dependent kinases 1 and 2. Cell Growth Differ 6 927-936 Wang J, Walsh K (1996) Resistance to apoptosis conferred by CDK inhibiors during myocyte differentiation. Science 273 359-361 Wang Q, Fan S, Eastman A, Worland PJ, Sausville EA, O Connor PM (1996) UCN-01 a potent abrogator of G1 checkpoint function in cancer cells with disrupted P53. J Natl Cancer Inst 88 956-965... 

Crespi, C. L., Ryan, C. G, Seixas, G. M., Turner, T.R. Penman, B.W. (1985) Tests for mutagenic activity using mutation assays at two loci in the human lymphoblast cell lines TK6 and AHH-1. Prog. Mutat. Res., 5, 497-516... 

In a study on the immunotoxic effects of cigarette tar components, hydroquinone, at a concentration that did not affect the viability of the cells (50 pmol/L), decreased IL-2-dependent DNA synthesis and cell proliferation by > 90% in cultured human T lymphoblasts (Li et al., 1997). Hydroquinone inhibited Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages only at rather high concentrations (100 pmol/L) (Manning et al., 1994). 

BA, Sausville EA. 1995. Apoptosis in 7-hydroxystaurosporine-treated T lymphoblasts correlates with activation of cyclin-dependent kinases 1 and 2, cell growth differentiation. 6 927-36... 

Dapas B, Tell G, Scaloni A, Pines A, Ferrara L, Quadrifoglio F, Scaggiante B. Identification of different isoforms of eEFlA in the nuclear fraction of human T-lymphoblastic cancer cell line specifically binding to aptameric cytotoxic GT oligomers. Eur J Biochem 2003 270(15) 3251-62. 

BL, Burkitt lymphoma BLL, Burkitt-like lymphoma cHL, classical Hodgkin lymphoma IL, immunoblastic lymphoma LBL-B, lymphoblastic lymphoma precursor B-cell LBL-T, lymphoblastic lymphoma precursor T-cell LPL, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma MM, multiple myeloma N, almost always negative PCLBL, primary cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma PEL, primary effusion lymphoma pHL, lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin lymphoma P-PTLD, polymorphic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders P-TCL, peripheral T-cell lymphoma PTLD, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. 

CD la is a transmembrane antigen normally found on cortical thymocytes and Langerhans cells. It is associated with beta 2 macroglobulin and may have a role in thymocyte development. It is found on a subset of precursor T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia. 

Also known as the common ALL antigen, CDIO is a zinc metallopeptidase expressed in early lymphoid progenitors and normal germinal center cells. It is almost always present on the surface of precursor B lymphoblastic and Burkitt lymphomas, and much less frequently precursor T lymphoblastic leukemia/lym-phoma. Many FLs and some diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, along with multiple myeloma, are positive. CDIO and BCL-6 are commonly considered markers of germinal center origin (Fig. 6.10). 

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase active during the process of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement early in a precursor B or T cell s life. Only normal early B and T lymphoblasts mark for TdT. The staining pattern is nuclear. TdT is a sensitive and specific antibody for lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia because only a small proportion of myeloid leukemia cases are positive (Fig. 6.13). 

Precursor B or T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia has a similar overall cell size to Burkitt lymphoma but tends to have finer chromatin with inconspicuous nucleoli. These lymphomas have an immature phenotype and usually demonstrate positivity for TDT and/or CD34 with dim positivity for CD20 at best, and the absence of surface immunoglobulin allows a separation from Burkitt lymphoma. 

Several studies demonstrated that aloin, another natural anthraquinone with potential antitumor activity, was effective on mice bearing solid Erlich carcinoma [29-31], The antitumor activity of aloin was also examined against two epithelial-type tumor cell lines, breast and ovarian [32], Other natural anthraquinones isolated from the roots of Morinda elliptica Ridl. were assayed for their cytotoxic activities. Of these, only damnacanthal was very cytotoxic against the breast carcinoma MCF-7 and T-lymphoblastic leukaemia CEM-SS cell lines [33],... 

TABLE 20.8 Inhibitory Effects of Nucleoside Derivatives on Human T-lymphoblast Molt/4F and MT4 Cells ... 

The compounds chelidonine and sanguinarine induced apoptosis in human acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia MT-4 cells (Philchenkov et al. 2008). 

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