System methyl isobutyl ketone

The following data for the system methyl isobutyl ketone (MIK)-acetone-water are an example of such data. These data form the boundary of the dome-shaped liquid-liquid coexistence region that was plotted in the triangular diagram of Fig. 11.2-8. 

Several correlations are available for estimating HTU values in pulsed columns. Smoot et al. studied the system methyl-isobutyl ketone-acetic acid-water and arrived at the following expression for the overall HTU based on the continuous (aqueous) phase ... 

By contrast, in the system propionic acid d) - methyl isobutyl ketone (2), (fi and are very much different when y 1, Propionic acid has a strong tendency to dimerize with itself and only a weak tendency to dimerize with ketone also,the ketone has only a weak tendency to dimerize with itself. At acid-rich compositions, therefore, many acid molecules have dimerized but most ketone molecules are monomers. Acid-acid dimerization lowers the fugacity of acid and thus is well below unity. Because of acid-acid dimerization, the true mole fraction of ketone is signi-... 

A yield of about 95% of theoretical is achieved using this process (1.09 units of isopropyl alcohol per unit of acetone produced). Depending on the process technology and catalyst system, such coproducts as methyl isobutyl ketone and diisobutyl ketone can be produced with acetone (30). 

Cya.nideExcha.nge, Acetone cyanohydrin and methyl isobutyl ketone cyanohydrin [4131 -68-4] dissolved in an organic solvent, such as diethyl ether or methyl isobutyl ketone, undergo cyanide exchange with aqueous cyanide ion to yield a significant cyanide carbon isotope separation. The two-phase system yields cyanohydrin enriched in carbon-13 and aqueous cyanide depleted in carbon-13. Fquilibrium is obtained in seconds. 

The course of the fermentation is tested by removal of samples, which are extracted with methyl isobutyl ketone. The extract is analyzed by paper chromatography in a system of dioxane toluene/propylene glycol. 

Similarly to quantitative determination of high surfactant concentrations, many alternative methods have been proposed for the quantitative determination of low surfactant concentrations. Tsuji et al. [270] developed a potentio-metric method for the microdetermination of anionic surfactants that was applied to the analysis of 5-100 ppm of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1-10 ppm of sodium dodecyl ether (2.9 EO) sulfate. This method is based on the inhibitory effect of anionic surfactants on the enzyme system cholinesterase-butyryl-thiocholine iodide. A constant current is applied across two platinum plate electrodes immersed in a solution containing butyrylthiocholine and surfactant. Since cholinesterase produces enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate, the decrease in the initial velocity of the hydrolysis caused by the surfactant corresponds to its concentration. Amounts up to 60 pg of alcohol sulfate can be spectrometrically determined with acridine orange by extraction of the ion pair with a mixture 3 1 (v/v) of benzene/methyl isobutyl ketone [271]. 

The ionic potentials can be experimentally determined either with the use of galvanic cells containing interfaces of the type in Scheme 7 or electroanalytically, using for instance, polarography, voltammetry, or chronopotentiometry. The values of and Aj f, obtained with the use of electrochemical methods for the water-1,2-dichloroethane, water-dichloromethane, water-acetophenone, water-methyl-isobutyl ketone, o-nitrotol-uene, and chloroform systems, and recently for 2-heptanone and 2-octanone [43] systems, have been published. These data are listed in many papers [1-10,14,37]. The most probable values for a few ions in water-nitrobenzene and water-1,2-dichloroethane systems are presented in Table 1. 

The above values are applicable only in the limiting case of infinite dilution. The interaction parameter varies with the volume fraction of polymer network as has been demonstrated for the PDMS-benzene system by Flory (47) and PDMS-methyl ethyl ketone, PDMS-methyl isobutyl ketone, PDMS-ethyl-n-butyl ketone, and PDMS-diisobutyl ketone by Shiomi et al. (48). Theoretically calculated and experimentally observed values of X as a function of volume fraction of polymer are given for PDMS in alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and dimethyl siloxane oligomers by Gottlieb and Herskowitz (49). In the case of PDMS-alkanes, x was practically independent of the volume fraction of polymer. 

Courtot-Coupez and Le Bihan [209,210] determined the optimum pH (7.4) for extraction of non-ionic surfactants with the above complex-benzene system. Cobalt in the extract is estimated by AAS after evaporation to dryness and dissolution of the residue in methyl isobutyl ketone. The method is applicable to surfactant concentrations in the range 0.02-0.5 mg/1 and is not seriously affected by the presence of anionic surfactants. 

Nonaqueous solvents, 14 32 Nonaqueous systems ion exchange in, 14 397 in nitrogen fixation, 17 311-315 Nonaromatic cyclic structures, conversion of aromatic rings to, 15 5 Nonaromatics, 23 329, 330 Non-azeotropes, methyl isobutyl ketone, 16 33 It... 

The exposed HS-MOTSS copolymer films were dip-developed in solvent followed by baking at 50-80 °C in vacuum for about 30 min. E-beam dose matrice images were developed in chlorobenzene for 30 sec ion beam test exposures were developed in methyl isobutyl ketone for 30 sec. The thicknesses of the films were measured with a Nanospec/AFT microarea film thickness measuring system. 

Narasimhan, K.S., Reddy, C.C., and Chari, K.S. Solubility and equilibrium data of phenol-water-isoamyl acetate and phenol-water-methyl isobutyl ketone systems at 30 °C, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 7(4) 457-460, 1962. 

Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH. 1976. Feline nervous system response to chronic intoxication with commercial grades of methyl n-butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and methyl ethyl ketone. 

Riggio, R., H. E. Martinez, and H. N. Solimo, Densities, Viscosities, and Refractive Indexes for the Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + Pentanols Systems Measurements and Correlations. J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1986 31, 235-238. 

As shown in Figure 2, the rate of the heterogeneous copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride in benzene (8 = 9.2) is faster than the homogeneous copolymerization of these monomers in acetone (8 = 9.9). However, this rate decreases as the solubility parameter values of the solvents decrease in heterogeneous systems. Thus, the rate of copolymerization decreases progressively in xylene (8 = 8.8), cumene (8 = 8.5), methyl isobutyl ketone (8 = 8.4), and p-cymene (8 — 8.2). All of these rates were faster than those observed in homogeneous systems. The solubility parameter of the alternating styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer was 8 = 11.0. 

Various organic solvents were tested for the PLE-catalyzed asymmetric hydrolysis of diester (12) in a biphasic system. The results (Table 5) indicate that the reaction yields and e.e. of monoester (13) were dependent on the solvent used in the asymmetric hydrolysis. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), hexane, and dichloromethane inhibited PLE. Lower reaction yields (28-56 M%) and lower e.e. (59-72%) were obtained using f-butyl methyl ether, dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as cosolvent. Higher e.e. (>91%) was obtained using methanol, ethanol, and toluene as cosolvent. Ethanol gave highest reaction yield (96.7%) and e.e. (96%) for monoester (13). 

The other chemical separation attempted in [37] involved the extraction of anionic fluoride species into methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The extraction system with 3.8 M HN03 and 1.1 M HF as the aqueous phase, and MIBK as... 

In the analysis of metals in petroleum and petroleum products one of the most common sample preparation procedures is the dilution of the sample with an organic solvent such as xylene, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) or white spirit. It is of great importance that the solvent system chosen is as free as possible from metallic contamination. Elements such as sodium and zinc are commonly found in many organic solvents. Similarly, other reagents such as mineral acids must be investigated for metal content before use. Where ultra-trace level determinations are to be attempted the reagents used may need to be purified. For solvents, the use of redistillation or extraction with mineral acid may improve the blank levels. 

The reaction between methyl isobutyl ketone and morpholine was studied with two commercially available molecular sieves (Type 3 A and 5 A). The procedure was described for other systems but the conclusions as to the amounts of amines to be used were contradictory [24]. These ambiguities needed to be clarified. 

A suggested procedure would be equal volumes of the sample and a 4% (by volume) benzene in pure ethanol. This is easily set up using a G.C.-Computer system Note Ethyl Acetate can also be detd by Standard Method ASTM Designation D1617—69, described here under Ethyl Acetate 4.3.10 Methyl-isobutyl-ketone (MIBK). The test is listed but not described in MIL-E-463B, but it seems that the Test 4.6.1.8 for determination of Acetone and other ketones, described... 

Methyl acetate-methanol Minimum-boiling azeotrope Toluene, methyl isobutyl ketone Element of recoveiy system for alternative to production of methyl acetate by reactive distillation alternative to extractive pressureswing distillation... 

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