Syndromes schizophrenia

Other bone-growth syndromes Schizophrenia (reduced levels in prefrontal cortex) ... 

Tourette s syndrome, schizophrenia, attention deficit disorder, anxiety, pain and for the mai r other diseases [1]. 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention of migraine treatment of behavior disorders in Alzheimer s disease bipolar disorder chorea, myoclonic, simple partial, and tonic-clonic seizures organic brain syndrome schizophrenia status epilepticus tardive dyskinesia... 

MahadikSP, MukherjeeS, Scheffer R, CorrentiEE, Mahadik JS. 1998. Elevated plasma lipid peroxides at the onset of nonaffective psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 43 674-679. Malaspina D, Coleman E, Goetz RR, Harkavy-Friedman J, Corcoran C, et al. 2002. Odor identification, eye tracking and deficit syndrome schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 51 809-815. 

Mental Retardation Paranoid Disorder Postconcussion Syndrome Schizophrenia Substance use disorders Temporal lobe epilepsy... 

It was named Dopamine because it was a monoamine, and its synthetic precursor was 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). He was awarded Nobel Prize in 2000 along with Eric Kandel and Paul Greengard in Medicine for showing that dopamine is not just a precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline, but also neurotransmitter as well. DO is a type of neurotransmitter naturally produced in by the human body. It is also a neurohormone released by the hypothalamus. It is a chemical messenger that is similar to adrenaline and affects the brain processes that control movement, emotional response, and the capacity to feel pleasure and pain. It is vital for performing balanced and controlled movements [172,173], In the extra-cellular fluid of the central nervous system, the basal DO concentration is very low (0.01-1 pM). Abnormal levels of DO have been linked with Parkinson s disease, Tourette s syndrome, Schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder and generation of pituitary tumours [174-176],... 

Trade names Frenal Neurap Orap (Gate) Pimodac Indications Tourette s syndrome, schizophrenia Category Antipsychotic Half-life 50 hours... 

The use of L-tryptophan as a therapeutic agent probably began in the 1970s and early 1980s when reports in the medical literature suggested that it might be useful for the treatment of depression.13 Since then, its efficacy for a variety of other conditions has been examined these include chronic pain, insomnia, premenstrual syndrome, schizophrenia, affective disorders, and behavioral disorders.4 16 The rationale for its therapeutic use in treatment of psychiatric and behavioral disorders came mainly from the observation that brain serotonin content could be altered by changes in plasma tryptophan levels.17... 

Keywords Nicotine Alzheimer s disease Parkinson s disease Tourette s syndrome Schizophrenia Analgesia Nicotinic agonists... 

Antipsychotic medications are indicated in the treatment of acute and chronic psychotic disorders. These include schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and manic states occurring as part of a bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder. The co-adminstration of antipsychotic medication with antidepressants has also been shown to increase the remission rate of severe depressive episodes that are accompanied by psychotic symptoms. Antipsychotic medications are frequently used in the management of agitation associated with delirium, dementia, and toxic effects of both prescribed medications (e.g. L-dopa used in Parkinson s disease) and illicit dtugs (e.g. cocaine, amphetamines, andPCP). They are also indicated in the management of tics that result from Gilles de la Tourette s syndrome, and widely used to control the motor and behavioural manifestations of Huntington s disease. 

Kato, M. M., Currier, M. B., Gomez, C. M. et al. (2004). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients with schizophrenia. Prim. Care Companion J. Clin. Psychiatry, 6, 74-7. 

Hypofunction of NMDA receptors may contribute to the endophenotype of schizophrenia. The hypothesis that hypofunction of a subpopulation of NMDA receptors contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has gained considerable support over the last decade (see Fig. 54-1). The dissociative anesthetics including phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine when introduced clinically 40 years ago were noted to produce a syndrome that was difficult to distinguish from schizophrenia. These agents act as noncompetitive open-channel blockers of the NMDA receptor. 

Anxiety symptoms may be present in several major psychiatric illnesses (e.g., mood disorders, schizophrenia, organic mental syndromes, and substance withdrawal). 

Schizophrenia is a chronic heterogeneous syndrome of disorganized and bizarre thoughts, delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate affect, cognitive deficits, and impaired psychosocial functioning. 

Although amphetamine itself is not a hallucinogen after acute administration, it provokes a syndrome analogous to schizophrenia, including pseudohallucin-... 

Mental disorders, for example, multiple subtypes of anxiety, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, sometimes together with chronic pain, posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), and schizophrenia... 

Despite their importance in psychiatry, the neuroleptics are by no means cure-alls. Even patients that respond extremely well to neuroleptics remain disturbed. Specifically, though their florid hallucinations and delusions, the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, are alleviated, patients remain emotionally detached from the environment. This wallflower syndrome and related symptoms are commonly designated the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and often are the most disabling ones. The first glimmer of effective treatment of such negative symptoms came with the drug clozapine. 

Chronic cocaine use can cause a syndrome of insomnia, hallucinations, delusions, and apathy. This syndrome develops around the time when the euphoria turns to a paranoid psychosis, which resembles paranoid schizophrenia. Further, after cessation of cocaine use, the hallucinations may stop, but the delusions can persist. Still, the incidence of a persistent cocaine-induced psychosis appears to be rare. One study found only 4 out of 298 chronic cocaine users receiving a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (Rounsaville et al. 1991). This incidence is approximately the... 

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