Sweet potato, Ipomoea

Odake, K. et al.. Chemical strnctures of two anthocyanins from purple sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas. Phytochemistry, 31, 2127, 1992. 

Almeida, L.B. and Penteado, M.V.C., Carotenoids and pro-vitamin A value of white fleshed Brazilian sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas Lam.), J. Food Compos. Anal., 1, 341, 1988. 

TERRESTRIAL PLANTS Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, Nagasaki, Japan, 1945, postatomic detonation 137Cs 0.09 DW 1... 

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), crotalaria (Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Intercropping Khan et al. 2007... 

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important contributor to human nutrition in many parts of the world. Sweet potato ranks sixth in annual world production at 137 million metric tons (1975-1977) (1) behind wheat, rice, maize, potato, and barley. 

Starch is one of the most abimdant plant polysaccharides and is a major source of carbohydrates and energy in the human diet (Zobel and Stephen, 1995). Starch is the most widely used hydrocolloid in the food industry (Wanous, 2004), and is also a widely used industrial substrate polymer. Total annual world production of starch is approximately 60 million MT and it is predicted to increase by additional approximately 10 million MT by 2010 (FAO, 2006b LMC International, 2002 S. K. Patil and Associates, 2007). Com/maize Zea mays L.), cassava (also known as tapioca—Manihot escu-lenta Crantn.), sweet potato Ipomoea batatas L.), wheat Triticum aestivum L.), and potato Solanum tuberosum L.) are the major sources of starch, while rice Oryza sativa L.), barley Hordeum vulgare L.), sago Cycas spp.), arrowroot Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kimtze), buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), etc. contribute in lesser amounts to total global production. 

Alkaline hydrolysis of the CHCls-soluble resin glycoside mixture from dry roots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) afforded two glycosidic acids, simonic acids A (hexadecanoic acid, (115)-[(0-6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(1 3)-0-[6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(l—>4)]-0-6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(1 4)-0-6-deoxy-... 

Noda N, Horiuchi Y (2008) The Resin Glycosides from the Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.). Chem Pharm Bull 56 1607... 

Yin Y, Li Y, Kong L (2008) Pentasaccharide Glycosides from the Tubers of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas). J Agric Food Chem 56 2363... 

Yin Y-Q, Huang X-F, Kong L-Y, Niwa M (2008) Three New Pentasaccharide Resin Glycosides from the Roots of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Chem Pharm Bull 56 1670... 

Peterson JK, Harrison HE (1991) Isolation of Substance from Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas) Periderm Tissue that Inhibits Seed Germination. J Chem Ecol 17 943... 

Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) or tartrate-resistant phosphatase is not thought to be a protein phosphatase but it has a very similar dimetallic active site structure to that found in protein phosphatases. PAPs have been identified in bacteria, plants, mammals, and fungi. The molecular weights (animal 35 kDa, plant 55 kDa) are different and they exhibit low sequence homology between kingdoms but the residues involved in coordination of the metal ions are invariant. " There has been considerable debate as to the identity of the metal ions in PAPs in vivo. Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, has been shown to possess two different PAP enzymes and the active site of one of them has been shown to contain one Fe and one Zn " " ion. Another report has established that the active site of a PAP from sweet potato contains one Fe " and one Mn +. The well-characterized red kidney bean enzyme and the soybean enzyme contain Fe " and Zn. Claims that PAP from sweet potato has 2Fe ions or 2Mn ions have been discussed elsewhere. One explanation is that these are different forms of the enzyme, another is that because the metal ions are labile and are rapidly incorporated into the active site, the enzyme contains a mixture of metal ions in vivo and the form isolated depends on the conditions of isolation. 

Terahara, N. et ak. Six diacylated anthocyanins from the storage roots of pru ple sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 63, 1420, 1999. 

Bartke, N., Fischbeck, A., Humpf, H. U. (2006). Analysis of sphingolipids in potatoes Solanum tuberosum L.) and sweet potatoes Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESl-MS/MS). Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 50,1201-1211. 

I.C. Vieira and O. Fatibello-Filho, Amperometric biosensor for the determination of phenols using a crude extract of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam), Anal. Lett., 30 (1997) 895-907. 

In 1998, Krebs and co-authors reported the crystal structures of the catechol oxidase isolated from sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) in three catalytic states the native met (CunCun) state (Figure 5.2a), the reduced deoxy (Cu Cu1) form, and the complex with the inhibitor phenylthiourea (Figure 5.2b) [19]. Typically for the type 3 active site, each copper ion is coordinated by three histidine residues from the protein backbone. In the native met state, the two copper ions are 2.9 A apart and, in addition to six histidine residues, a bridging solvent molecule, most likely a hydroxide anion, has been refined in close proximity to the two metal centers... 

Yoshida, T., Hozyo, Y., and Murata, T., Studies on the development of tuberous roots in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas, Lam. var. edulis, Mak.). The effect of deep placement of mineral nutrients on the tuber-yield of sweet potato, Proc. Crop Sci. Soc. Jpn., 39, 105-110, 1970. 

When sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is infected with the fungus Fusarium solani it produces ipomeamarone (31) and a number of furans (32)—(35) which are pulmonary toxins and which may be degraded mono- or sesqui-terpenoids. The discovery of 4-hydroxymyoporone (36) as a phytoalexin of sweet potato has led to the suggestion72 that the C9 furans may be formed from this by retro-aldol condensation. Radioactive (36) was transformed by F. solani into (32)—(35), and control... 

Miyazaki, K. Makino, K. Iwadate, E. Deguchi, Y. Ishikawa, F. 2008. Anthocyanins from purple sweet potato Ipomoea batatas cultivar Ayamurasaki suppress the development of atherosclerotic lesions and both enhancements of oxidative stress and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 11485-11492. 

Figure 2 Active sites of hemocyanins from horseshoe crab L. polyphemus (a oxy b deoxy), spiny lobster Panulirus interruptus (c), sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (d), Octopus dofleini (e), Rapana thomasiana (f). Cleary the four alpha-helix bundle motif with the metal center can be seen. The three histidines coordinating Cu-A are colored red, those coordinating Cu-B green. The two copper atoms are colored blue and oxygen red. The cysteines binding covalently a histidine at the Cu-A site are colored yellow. In the case of Ipomoea, a water molecule connects the two copper atoms...

Villegas, R.J.A. and Kojima, M. (1986) Purification and characterization of hydroxy-cinnamoyl D-glucose quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase in the root of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas Lam.. Biol. Chem., 261, 8729-33. 

A crnde extract of sweet potato Ipomoea-batatas (L.) Lam.) was nsed as a source of phenol oxidases (polyphenoloxidase, tyrosinase, catecholoxidase, EC 1.14.18.1). The extract was directly placed in the carrier of a FIA system with UVD, to promote oxidation of phenolic compounds to o-quinones that condense to form melanin-like pigments with a strong absorption at 410 nm. The determination of phenols in industrial wastewaters showed good agreement with conventional methods (correlation coefficient 0.9954) LOD was 10 p,M, with RSD <2.7% (w = 6). Under optimal storage conditions the enzymatic activity did not vary for at least five months . 

Since the formation of the secondary metabolites of the Monascus spp. is affected by cultivation conditions, Lee et al. (2006) used sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato Solanum tuberosum), cassava (Manihot esculenta), and dioscorea (Dioscorea batatas) as the substrates to identify the best choice for monacolin K production. The results showed that M. purpureus NTU 301, with dioscorea as the substrate, could produce monacolin K at 2584 mg/kg, which is 5.37 times more than that resulted when rice is used as the substrate. 

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