Substance identification

Each document of the database corresponds to one compound. A compound with different modifications, state of matter and isotopes contained under separate documents. Thus numerous compounds are related to several documents at the same time, e.g. cobalt 24 and nickel 31. The tabular format IDETAB is suitable for checking the desired compound. It contains the document number, Gmelin Registry Number, molecular formula, chemical names, modification and state of matter for all searchable substances under the form of a table (Fig. 161). This format is free of charge. 

LI 12 ANSWERS COPYRIGHT 1994 GMELIN Table for Substance Identification Data. 

The following strategies can be applied for retrieving a compound in the Gmelin database  

The structure search is effected in the same way as searching in the Registry File (Sect. 7.1). Details can be taken from the manual Building Structures on STN, 

One speciality of the Gmelin database is its ligand search system for coordination compounds. It is a sophisticated easy, and low-cost substructure search. Ligand atoms are arranged in classes (Table 21). In addition, special ligands are included  

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There are variations in representation of rings in different disciplines. The dye industry does not designate aromaticity or double bonds in rings. AH double bonds and aromaticity are shown in the Encyclopedia as a matter of course. For example, tetralin has an aromatic ring and a saturated ring and its stmcture appears in the Encyclopedia with its common name. Registry Number enclosed in brackets, and parenthetical CA index name, ie, tetralin [119-64-2] (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene). With names and stmctural formulas, and especiaHy with CAS Registry Numbers, the aim is to help the reader have a concise means of substance identification. 

Neady every significant class of dyes and pigments has some members that function as sensitizers. Toxicological data are often included in surveys of dyes (84), reviews of toxic substance identification programs (85), and in material safety data sheets provided by manufacturers of dyes. More specific data about toxicological properties of sensitizing dyes are contained in the Engchpedia under the specific dye classes (see Cyanine dyes Polymethine dyes Xanthene dyes). 

Space 1 Emergency action codes specified for that substance in Column 3 of Part 1 of the approved list Space 2 Substance identification number and name as specified for that substance in Part 1 of the approved list... 

HS(Gjl31 Energetic and spontaneously combustible substances identification and safe handling... 

Contains information on industrial location, storage, and release to air, water, and land of SARA Section 313 chemicals. Data is divided into the following categories facility identification, substance identification, environmental release of chemical, waste treatment, and off-site waste transfer. 

Provides toxicology data for more than 130,000 chemicals in four categories substance identification ... 

Space 2 Substance identification number and name as specified for that substance in Part 1 of the approved list... 

Figure 7.IS Some typical calibration curves for several substances measured by absorption in the reflectance mode. Substance identification 1 = practolol 2 azobenzene 3 - diphenyl-acetylene 4 alprenolol 5 = estrone and 6 - pamatolol. (Reproduced with permission from ref. 20. Copyright Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co.)...

The majority of currently deployed IR sensors operate in the near-IR. Although near-IR sensors suffer from limited selectivity and sensitivity due to the relatively unstructured broadband absorptions in this frequency range, the easy availability of waveguides and other instrumentation give this spectral range a significant advantage over the mid-IR. Main application areas involve substance identification and process control. 

E. Rhodes, C. E. Dickerman, C. W. Peters, Associated-Particle Sealed-Tube Neutron Probe for Characterization of Materials, ANL/B-E/CP-78949, Active Probe Technologies Conference on International Symposium on Substance Identification Technologies, 4—8 October 1993, Innsbruck, Austria. 

Committee of Experts has been allocated a unique four-digit number, called the Substance UN Number (or simply the UN Number). Thus a hazardous substance can be distinctly identified by the Substance UN Number (also called the Substance Identification Number or SIN). UN Serial number 0001 to 1000 are reserved for Class 1 items, that is, explosives and ammunition. The nine classes of dangerous goods and hazardous chemicals with a distinctive diamond shaped label bearing a pictorial diagram for quick hazard recognition are ... 

Provides toxicology data for more than 130,000 chemicals in four categories substance identification toxicity/biomedical effects toxicology and carcinogenicity review and exposure standards and regulations. Built and maintained by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as a segment of the Toxic Release Inventory database. Available online, CD-ROM and computer tape from NIOSH and from commercial database vendors. 

In the pharmaceutical industry, medicines are standardized to a particular weight of active pharmaceutical per unit (for example, mg of substance per tablet), so the weight of a substance in a tablet, or volume of medicine, is of more interest than the number of moles. For most pharmaceutical preparations, then, we use the specific absorbance, A(l%, 1 cm), which is the absorbance (logio fo/f) of a 1% w/v solution (i.e. 1 g of substance in 100 cm solvent) in a 1 cm path length cell, in place of the molar absorptivity, e. This is the absolute method of substance identification, and the absorbance. A, can be related to T(l%, 1 cm) by equation (2.4) ... 

Substance Identification Bellctein Registry Number B elf stein Preferred RN CAS Registry Number Chemical Nemo... 

Each component in the mixture can be identified by its retention factor or retention time once it has been separated. Both retention factor, Rf, and retention time are quantitative indications of how far a particular compound travels in a particular solvent or how long the component is retained on the column before eluting with the mobile phase (for gas chromatography and liquid chromatography). By comparing the Rf of the components in the mixture to known values for substances, identification of the components in the mixture can be achieved. 

Tests for dipyridamole bulk drug substance Identification. 

Labeling Indicate the name and quantity of any added substance ) if the material contains such substances. Identification A 1 20 aqueous solution gives positive tests for Potassium and for Chloride, Appendix IHA. 

Standardization of terminology is the first problem to be solved, and in chemistry this can be broken down into several areas substance identification, reaction and experimental information, subject terminology, and relationships between them. In... 

Herzler, M., Herre, S., Pragst, F. Selectivity of substance identification by HPLC DAD in toxicological analysis using a UV spectra library of 2682 compounds. J. Anal. Toxicol. 27, 233-242 (2003)... 

Bibliographic data Substance identification data Molecular formula search Reaction data... 

Moisture in pure substances Identification of pure substances... 

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