Study description

There are two basic kinds of epidemiological studies, descriptive and analytical. The goal of the first is to describe the occurrence of disease in populations. Analytical studies identify and explain the cause of the disease. For instance, descriptive epidemiology may identify a new disease such as AIDS. Interpretation of descriptive results leads to analytical studies that examine the disease in more detail. Since epidemiology is the study of disease in populations, the proportion of affected individuals in a population is of basic importance. However, the epidemic pattern has varied from country to country. In the United States and the United Kingdom, 65% and 85%, respectively, of AIDS cases have... 

Summary of 23 Individual BZ Studies Description of Individual Studies Calculation of Incapacitating Dose Incapacitating vs. Lethal Dose Estimates EA 3443 EA 3580 EA3167 EA3834 302196... 

Inclusion of a study does not imply acceptance of the adequacy of the study design or of the analysis and interpretation of the results, and limitations are clearly outlined in square brackets at the end of each study description. The reasons for not giving further consideration to an individual study are also indicated in square brackets. 

Investigator s Brochure. The Investigator s Brochure and accompanying study description will be carefully reviewed to make certain that the design is appropriate, meets standard criteria for blinding and control, and protects the human subjects (in initial screening, disclosure, administration, and followup). Safety of humans is the key element in the review the Investigator s Brochure should clearly and comprehensively address all relevant safety issues. 

Overview of the Biological System Under Study - Descriptive Models... 

The types of epidemiologic studies used by risk assessors include case-control studies, cohort studies, descriptive epidemiologic studies, and case reports ... 

No intermediate inhalation MRL for ammonia has been derived because adequate data were not available concerning the effects of ammonia for this route and duration of exposure. Humans exposed to 100 ppm ammonia vapors 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks experienced transient nasal and throat irritation (Ferguson et al. 1977). This study was not adequate for MRL derivation because the study description was contradictory between the text and tables, especially regarding the length of daily exposure. Rats exposed continuously to up to 179.1 ppm and guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys exposed to... 

Stanier, C. O., Khlystov, A. Y., and Pandis, S. N. (2004) Nucleation events during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study Description and relation to key meteorological, gas phase, and aerosol parameters,... 

Chapter III addresses the need of reviewing various types of photocatalysts, power sources and auxiliai y equipment available for photocatalytic studies. Description of these matters is of essential importance for establishing radiation source power spectra, their lifetime and their power decay, for describing the available tools for macroscopic radiation balances and for effective kinetic and reaction rate modeling. 

Clinical trials conducted during development (as described below in Sects. 12.2.6 and 12.2.7) were similar in a number of ways. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were almost identical across studies. These studies focused on the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory LG/F NHL. Patients were dosed at 375 mg m of rit-uximab by intravenous infusion weekly for a total of four doses. This consistency resulted in a degree of homogeneity that allowed for analyses across studies as well as comparisons between studies. Any exceptions to these general rules are noted in the individual study descriptions below. 

Before the initiation of this study, the protocol study description was given to the subjects and informed consent forms were completed. The protocol, informed consent form, and any other supportive materials relevant to the safety of the subjects were reviewed and approved by an institutional review board (IRB). No subject was admitted into the study who was using topical or systemic antimicrobials or any other medication known to affect the normal microbial flora of the skin. 

Establishment of a Test Subject List. An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is convened to review the study protocol for subject safety. After IRB approval of the study, sufficient human volunteers per product being tested are enrolled in the study, per acceptability criteria outlined in the protocol. The number of subjects required for testing is calculated as specified in the TFM, 333.470(b)(l)(iii)(F), and these are randomized to the products. All subjects are informed of the study descriptions, sign informed consents, and complete a washout period prior to participation in testing. 

The 23 participants, representing 14 Member States, reviewed recent developments and discussed directions for future efforts in the area of safety analysis of nuclear power plants during low power and shutdown (LPS) conditions. During the meeting, 18 technical papers were presented, devoted to various aspects of LPS conditions probabilistic safety assessment studies, description of particular phenomena, calculational analysis of individual events, contents of safety reports, hardware modifications, experience from plant operations, etc. 

Lois, E., Dang VE., Forester, J., Broberg, H., Massaiu, S., Hildebrandt, M., Braarud, P.0., Parry, G., Julius, J., Boring, R., Mannisto, I., Bye, A. (2008). InternationalHRA Empirical Study - Description of Overall Approach and First Pitot Results from Comparing HRA Methods to Simulator Data, HWR-844, OECD Halden Reactor Project, Norway. 

As you study descriptive chemistry, it is important to look for trends rather than trying to memorize all the facts presented. The periodic table is your most valuable tool in this task. 

Influence of Temperature Design Requirement Study Description of Available Portable Batteries... 

A case study is an in-depth investigation of one or more subjects (cases). It may be exploratory (ie, aimed at determining feasibility, defining hypotheses or questions intended for subsequent study), descriptive (ie, providing a complete description of a particular case), or explanatory (ie, determining which causes produce which effects). Many... 

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