Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcusfaecalis and Staphylococcus aureus show a markedly greater susceptibihty to its action than Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (205). Thiram has been used ia disiafectant soaps. 

Cue D, Southern S, Southern P et al (2000) A non-peptide integrin antagonist can inhibit epithelial cell ingestion of streptococcus pyogenes by blocking a5 31 -fibronectin-Ml protein complexes. Proc Nat Acad Sci 97(6) 2858-2863... 

Streptococcus pyogenes can be an extremely dangerous pathogen it produces a series of toxins, including an erythrogenic toxin which induces a characteristic red rash, and a family of toxins which destroy the formed elements of blood. 

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been recognized since the first drugs were introduced for clinical use. The sulphonamides were introduced in 1935 and approximately 10 years later 20% of clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae had become resistant. Similar increases in sulphonamide resistance were found in streptococci, coliforms and other bacteria. Penicillin was first used in 1941, when less than 1 % of Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to its action. By 1947,3 8% of hospital strains had acquired resistance and currently over 90% of Staph, aureus isolates are resistant to penicillin. Increasing resistance to antibiotics is a consequence of selective pressure, but the actual incidence of resistance varies between different bacterial species. For example, ampicillin resistance inEscherichia coli, presumably under similar selective pressure as Staph, aureus with penicillin, has remained at a level of 30-40% for mai years with a slow rate of increase. Streptococcus pyogenes, another major pathogen, has remained susceptible to penicillin since its introduction, with no reports of resistance in the scientific literature. Equally, it is well recognized that certain bacteria are unaffected by specific antibiotics. In other words, these bacteria have always been antibiotic-resistant. 

Thus, at pH 7.3, 9-aminoacridine, which exists at this pH entirely as the cation, will inhibit the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes at a dilution of 1 160000 the... 

Additional P2 proline-containing PDF inhibitors have been reported in the patent literature by Dainippon and Questcor [95, 96]. The Dainippon examples disclosed contain an A-formyl-A-hydroxylamine group and possess good antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes. Enterococcus faecium and M. catarrhalis [95]. The Questcor patent application describes various proline-containing hydroxamic acid inhibitors [96]. 

Braga, E C. Bovio, C. Culici, M. Dal Sasso, M. Flow cytometric assessment of susceptibilities of Streptococcus pyogens to erythromycin and rokitamycin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2003, 47, 408-412. 

A comparison of D-glucose and D-galactose as precursors of hyaluronate in Streptococcus pyogenes showed that D-glucose is the more effective.261... 

Pharyngitis is an acute infection of the oropharynx or nasopharynx that results in 1% to 2% of all outpatient visits. While viral causes are most common, Group A /J-hemolytic Streptococcus, or Streptococcus pyogenes, is the primary bacterial cause. 

The majority of SSTIs are caused by gram-positive organisms and, less commonly, gram-negative bacteria present on the skin surface. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes account for the majority of SSTIs. Community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) has recently emerged and it is often isolated in otherwise healthy patients. 

Most infections are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Penicillin (oral or intravenous depending on clinical severity) is the drug of choice. 

Antibacterial activity in vitro has also been observed with the components of the antibiotic complex BBM-928 [288, 290] and with luzopeptin E2 (Streptococcus pyogenes". MIC < 0.05 /ig/ml Bacillus anthracis MIC 0.1 /xg/ml My-... 

Bergey, E. J., and Stinson, M. W. (1988). Heparin-inhibitable basement membrane-binding protein of Streptococcus pyogenes. Infect. Immun. 56,1715-1721. 

Dinkla, K., Rohde, M., Jansen, W. M. T., Carapetis, J. R., Chhatwal, G. S., and Talay, S. R. (2003). Streptococcus pyogenes recruits collagen via surface-bound fibronectin A novel colonization and immune evasion mechanism. Mol. Microbiol. 47, 861-869. 

Liang, O. D., Preissner, K. T., and Chhatwal, G. S. (1997). The hemopexin-type repeats of human vitronectin are recognized by Streptococcus pyogenes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 234,445-449. 

Olive, C., Schulze, K., Sun, H. K., Ebensen, T., Horvath, A., Toth, I., and Guzman, C. A. (2007). Enhanced protection against Streptococcus pyogenes infection by intranasal vaccination with a dual antigen component M protein/Sfbl lipid core peptide vaccine formulation. Vaccine 25, 1789-1797. 

Ozeri, V., Rosenshine, I., Mosher, D. F., Fassler, R., and Hanski, E. (1998). Roles of rntegrins and fibronectin in the entry of Streptococcus pyogenes into cells via protein FI. Mol. Microbiol. 30, 625-637. 

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