Streptococcus pyogenes infections

Respiratoiy Tract Infections Streptococcus pyogenes Killed 1.25 ppm... 

Pharyngitis is an acute infection of the oropharynx or nasopharynx that results in 1% to 2% of all outpatient visits. While viral causes are most common, Group A /J-hemolytic Streptococcus, or Streptococcus pyogenes, is the primary bacterial cause. 

Most infections are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Penicillin (oral or intravenous depending on clinical severity) is the drug of choice. 

Bergey, E. J., and Stinson, M. W. (1988). Heparin-inhibitable basement membrane-binding protein of Streptococcus pyogenes. Infect. Immun. 56,1715-1721. 

Olive, C., Schulze, K., Sun, H. K., Ebensen, T., Horvath, A., Toth, I., and Guzman, C. A. (2007). Enhanced protection against Streptococcus pyogenes infection by intranasal vaccination with a dual antigen component M protein/Sfbl lipid core peptide vaccine formulation. Vaccine 25, 1789-1797. 

Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are all microorganisms that can cause otitis media. Enterobius vermicularis is a threadworm leading to an infection characterised by itchy anus and the presence of white worms. 

Boyle et al. (2001) used the Ciphergen SELDI protein chip to analyze the secretion and autoactivation of a cysteine protease (SpeB) from Streptococcus pyogenes that has been implicated in the onset of group A streptococcal infections and may contribute to toxic shock symptoms. SpeB could be detected at 0.75 ng protein in a 30-min assay based upon SELDI-TOF... 

Moderate to severe uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. 2glV q 12 h 10... 

Skin and skin structure infections- Skin and skin structure infections, including abscesses, cellulitis, infected skin ulcers, and wound infections caused by S. aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains) Streptococcus pyogenes, group D streptococcus including . faecalis, Acinetobacter sp. including iA. calcoaceticus] Citrobactersp.] E. coli] Enterobacter cloacae, K. pneumoniae]... 

Compiicated skin and skin structure infections Caused by Staphyiococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains only). Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coii, or Peptostreptococcus sp. 

Complicated skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs) For the treatment of complicated SSSIs caused by S. aureus (methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains). Streptococcus pyogenes, or Streptococcus agalactiae. It has not been studied in the treatment of diabetic foot and decubitus ulcers. 

In mice infections with pneumococci were influenced very satisfactorily by aristolochic acid I. Rats with wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus were treated intraperitoneally or orally with aristolochic acid I compared to controls, the treated animals recovered much faster. Rabbits after intravenous application of aristolochic acid I showed an increased antibactericial action of serum (97). Mice infected with bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Diphococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes could be protected by treatment with 50 xg/kg ip of aristolochic acid I (97). 

Sulfadiazine and sulfisoxazole still play a useful role in the prophylaxis of group A streptococcal infections in patients with rheumatic fever who are hypersensitive to penicillin. This is tempered with the potential for toxicity and infection with resistant Streptococcus pyogenes. 

Tetracyclines no longer can be entirely relied on in the treatment of streptococcal infections up to 40% of Streptococcus pyogenes and 10% of Streptococcus pneumoniae are resistant. 

Gram-positive cocci. Leuconostoc, Micrococcus, Peptococcus, Staphylococcus (S. aureus, boils, infections), Streptococcus (S. pyogenes, scarlet fever, throat infections, S. pneumoniae, pneumonia)... 

Gray. G.C. et al. Hyperendemic Streptococcus pyogenes Infections Despite Prophylaxis with Penicillin G Benzathine, X, Eng. J. Med., 92 (July 14, 1991). Henderson, B, M. Wilson, and A.J. Lax Cellular Microbiobg)>, Bacteria-Host Interactions m Health and Disease, John Wilev Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1999. 

Mupirocin (Bactroban) inhibits a specific enzyme responsible for tRNA synthesis in susceptible bacteria. This drug is used topically to treat skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. Likewise, mupirocin can be administered by nasal spray to treat local colonization of S. aureus in the nasal mucosa. This idea may be especially helpful in preventing systemic infection in individuals such as health care workers who are exposed to an outbreak of resistant strains of S. aureus. Local/topical administration of this drug is well tolerated, although some irritation of the skin may occur during topical use, and cough and respiratory irritation can occur when mupirocin is administered by nasal spray. 

Murine Model of Cutaneous Infection with Streptococcus pyogenes... 

Key words Subcutaneous inoculation, Streptococcus pyogenes, skin and soft tissue infection. 

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