Spectroscopy systems

Aerospace struetwes made of composite. As part of the evaluation of the developed ultrasonic spectroscopy system the NSC software was tested on ultrasonic resonance spectra from composite panel samples. Spectra were collected with four different types of damages, and from flawless samples. The damages included a small cut in one of the carbon fiber... 

Another basic approach of CL analysis methods is that of the CL spectroscopy system (having no electron-beam scanning capability), which essentially consists of a high-vacuum chamber with optical ports and a port for an electron gun. Such a system is a relatively simple but powerful tool for the analysis of ion implantation-induced damage, depth distribution of defects, and interfaces in semiconductors. ... 

Edner, Hans, Anders Sunesson, Sune Svanberg, Leif Llneus, and. Svante Wallin. Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy System Used for Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring. Applied Optics 25 (1986), pp. 403-409. 

The spectroscopy system uses a dispersive element and a detector which is either a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a diode array. A computer is required for instrument control and for intensive data processing. 

Figure 4. Pressure Modulation Spectroscopy System (Reproduced from Goody, 1968).

It is important to model a correlation spectroscopy system, firstly to predict performance, and also to aid the very important choice of optical filter (or choose the best LED or super-luminescent optical fibre source to give the optimal spectral output), in order to achieve the best detection performance or best selectivity possible. The length of the cells and the pressure of gas (or gas concentration) are also important parameters (although all simulated results described below are based on use of lm long cells). 

Using the modelling approach above, the predicted response of a CO2 correlation spectroscopy system will now be shown. This requires knowledge of the transmission spectrum of CO2 gas, so that predictions from the model can be made, for the expected modulation index, SNR (signal to noise ratio) and cross-sensitivity to a contaminant gas. 

M. Cope. The development of a near-infrared spectroscopy system and its application for noninvasive monitoring of cerebral blood and tissue oxygenation in the newborn infant. PhD thesis, University College London, London, 1991. 

M. Miwa, Y. Ueda, and B. Chance. Development of time-resolved spectroscopy system for quantitative non-invasive tissue measurement. SPIE, 2389 142-149, 1995. 

Sample preparation is rather involved. A sample of urine or fecal matter is obtained and treated with calcium phosphate to precipitate the plutonium from solution. This mixture is then centrifuged, and the solids that separate are dissolved in 8 M nitric acid and heated to convert the plutonium to the +4 oxidation state. This nitric acid solution is passed through an anion exchange column, and the plutonium is eluted from the column with a hydrochloric-hydroiodic acid solution. The solution is evaporated to dryness, and the sample is redissolved in a sodium sulfate solution and electroplated onto a stainless steel planchette. The alpha particles emitted from this electroplated material are measured by the alpha spectroscopy system, and the quantity of radioactive plutonium ingested is calculated. Approximately 2000 samples per year are prepared for alpha spectroscopy analysis. The work is performed in a clean room environment like that described in Workplace Scene 1.2. 

Zare and coworkers (2009) have recently discussed a continuous flow ring down spectroscopy system integrating chromatographic separation, a catalytic combuster, and an isotopic 13C/12C optical analyzer which conveniently yields 813C values at a precision nearing that for IRMS. A modification yields 8D and 815N values. 

The FTIR spectra (KBr discs) were recorded in the 4,000 00 cm range on a Mattson 1000 FTIR spectrometer. The spectra and absorbance measurements were recorded on a Agilent 8453 UV-visible Spectroscopy System. Proton NMR spectra were recorded on a Bracker AC-400 MHz (CDCy spectrometer. The elemental analyses and mass spectra (LC-MS) were determined in the TUBITAK Laboratory (Center of Science and Technology Research of Turkey). Melting points were obtained with a Gallenkamp CAP MPD-350 apparatus in open capillaries. 

In this application, the process analyzer is used in the vis-NIR spectral region to measure the clear top layer on a co-extruded polymer film. The bottom layer is pigmented to an opaque white color and its thickness cannot be determined by this method. Prior to the installation of the fiber-optic spectroscopy system, film samples were measured manually in the laboratory by a subtractive scheme. First, the total thickness of a sample was measured on a manual profilometer. The top layer of the polymer was removed with methylene chloride. The sample was then repositioned on the profilometer as closely as possible to the originally measured spot and the thickness of the second white layer was determined. The thickness of the top layer was then determined by difference. 

S. O Keeffe, C. Eitzpatrick, E. Lewis, An optical fibre based ultra violet and visible absorption spectroscopy system for ozone concentration monitoring. Sens. Actuators B, 125, 372-378 (2007). 

In the preceding sections we presented descriptions of absorption spectroscopy systems that use folded optics and small sample chambers to achieve the desired measurements. Other experimenters have... 

Fig. 5.6. A block diagram of an optical coherence tomography/Raman spectroscopy system C, circulator RSOD, rapid scanning optical delay BP, 785 bandpass BSO, beam shaping optics DM1, dichroic mirror at 990 nm DM2, dichroic mirror at 800-950 nm LP, long pass at 808 nm GP, galvanometer pair BD, balanced detector BPF, electronic band-pass filter AI-AO DAQ, analog input-output data acquisition (reprinted with permission from [34]. Copyright 2008 Optical Society of America)...

Geipel, G., Acker, M., Vulpius, D., Bernhard, G., Nitsche, H., and Fanghanel, T. (2004). An ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy system for metal ion complexation studies with organic hgands. Spectrochim. Acta Part A—Mol. Biol. Spectrosc. 60(1-2), 417-424. 

Huang ZW, Zeng HS, Hamzavi I, McLean DI, Lui H. Rapid near-infrared Raman spectroscopy system for real-time in vivo skin measurements. Optics Letters 2001, 26, 1782-1784. 

Figure 15.5 Schematic of instrumental apparatus. The DT/MH-functionalized AgFON was surgically implanted into a rat with an optical window and integrated into a conventional laboratory Raman spectroscopy system. The Raman spectroscopy system consists of a Ti sapphire laser (Acx = 785 nm), band-pass filter, beam-steering optics, collection optics, and a long-pass filterto reject Raleigh scattered light. All of the optics fit on a 4 ft x 10 ft optical table.

Enzymatic activity was determined spectrophotometrically using Agilent 8453 UV-visible spectroscopy system equipped with a thermostatted cell (Agilent Technology, Germany). The accumulation of / -nitrophenolate anion as product of Paraoxon hydrolysis was monitored at 25°C and 405 run. The amount of enzyme hydrolyzing one pmole of substrate for 1 min at 25°C and pH 10.5 (100 mM Na-carbonate buffer) was considered as one unit of enzymatic activity. 

Kobayashi H, Ueda T, Kobayashi T, Tagawa S, Yoshida Y, Tabata Y. (1984) Absorption spectroscopy system based on picosecond single electron beams and streak camera. RadiatPhys Chem 23 393-395. 

Ogura A, Yamasaki K, Kosemura D, Tanaka S, Chiba 1, Shimidzu R (2006) UV-Raman spectroscopy system for local and global strain measurements in Si. Jpn J Appl Phys 45 3007... 

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