South Asian populations

South Asian populations. People of South Asian origin in the UK have a high prevalence of coronary heart disease and stroke, central obesity (as evidenced by high waist-to-hip ratio), insulin resistance, non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes and hypertension (Cappuccio 1997 Kain et al. 2002 Bhopal et al. 2005). This increase in vascular risk seems to be partly a result of genetic susceptibility, such as high serum lipoprotein A levels, and partly dietary- and lifestyle-induced changes in lipid levels. 

Europeans, Middle Easterners, and most Central and South Asians (3) East Asians (4) groups indigenous to the Americas (5) Pacific Islanders and (6) a group consisting of the Kalash, an isolated population in northwest Pakistan. 

Goedde and Agarwal (96) list test results from 29 different populations and a total of 3248 subjects. The data can be summarized by the statements that Central Asian, East Asian, and South-East Asian populations showed deficiencies in the order of 30%. The deficiency was absent in European, Near-East, and African populations. North American Indians showed deficiency rates of 2-5%, South American Indians of 40-45%. O Dowd et al. (101) have shown that the functional enzyme deficiency in South American Indians must be due to a different mutation than the deficiency in Asians. This observation raises interesting questions regarding the biological significance of the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. 

British Heart Foundation Statistics Database (1998). Coronary Heart Disease Statistics 1998. London British Heart Foundation Cappuccio FP (1997). Ethnicity and cardiovascular risk variations in people of African ancestry and South Asian origin. Journal of Human Hypertension 11 571-576 Connor MD, Walker R, Modi G et aL (2007). Burden of stroke in black populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Neurology 6 269-278 Coull AJ, Lovett JK, Rothwell PM et al. (2004). Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke implications for public education and organisation of services. British Medical Journal 328 326... 

Increased fihrinogen, von Willehrand factor and tissue plasminogen activator levels in insulin resistant South Asian patients with ischaemic stroke. Atherosclerosis 163 371-376 Kaplan GA, Keil JE (1993). Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease a review of the hterature. Circulation 88 1973-1998 Kelly-Hayes M, Wolf PA, Kase GS et al. (1995). Tempotal patterns of stroke onset. The Framingham Study. Stroke 26 1343-1347 Kleindorfer D, Panagos P, Pancioh A et al. (2005). Incidence and short-term prognosis of transient ischemic attack in a population-hased study. Stroke 36 720-723 Kodama K (1993). Stroke trends in Japan. 

Asher MI, Pattemore PK, Harrison AC, et al International comparison of the prevalence of asthma symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988 138 524-529. Leung R, Ho P Asthma, allergy, and atopy in three south-east Asian populations. Thorax 1994 49 1205-1210. 

Hardelid P, et al. The birth prevalence of PKU in populations of European, South Asian and sub-Saharan African ancestry living in South East England. Ann Hum Genet. 2008 72(Pt 1) 65-71. 

Rice is grown in more than 100 countries and on every continent except Antarctica. In the world economy rice is an extremely important food, second only to wheat in total world production, and its yield per hectare exceeds that of wheat (57). Rice is the main staple food for more than half of the world s population and it accounts for one-third to one-half of the daily caloric intake in many Asian countries. It is also the major source of protein for the masses of Asian people. In many African and South American countries rice is rapidly becoming the staple food for much of the population. 

Metal distribution studies are in no way limited to most known tea infusions. Other herbal products, some very popular in South American and Asian countries, have also attracted the attention of analytical chemists in connection with their possible contributions to human metal intake in large populations. Leaves and commercial products of Paraguayan yerba mate (Ilex paraguaiensis S.H.) were... 

Malaysia occupies a central position within southeast Asia and includes two land-masses separated by the South China Sea. Peninsular Malaysia, comprising 11 states, forms the southern tip of the Asian mainland, bordered by Thailand to the north and the islcmd of Singapore to the south. The states of Sabah and Sarawak are located cdong the northern fringe of the island of Kalimantan, bordered by Indonesia, and in the northeastern state of Sarawak, by Brunei Darussalam. The total area of the country is 329,758 square kilometers of which peninsular Malaysia is 131,598 square kilometers, Sarawak 124,449 square kilometers and Sabah 73,711 square kilometers. The population of Malaysia in 1997 was estimated to be... 

The three factors directly relate to the main regional population groups we noted earlier in the cluster analysis. The main factor, which explains sixty five percent of the variance in the data, is the Asian Factor. This factor is closely associated with the populations of Tibet, Mongolia, South China and Thailand through to Polynesia and Papua. It correlates inversely to the African Pygmies, Nigerians and Bantus. 

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