Solution tanks

Fig. 6. Schematic of hexamethylene diamine phosgenation process A, HMD A tanks B, phosgene solution tanks C, phosgenation reactor D, secondary...

Water Phase Solution Tank Monomer Bulk Storage... 

Operating instructions specified that 50% sodium hydroxide solution, sodium hypochlorite solution and sodium EDTA solution were to be added separately by pumping into an off-gas scrubber unit, when the exotherms would be dissipated slowly in the solution tank. An attempt to simplify the operation by premixing the 3 solutions in a drum before pumping the mixture, led to vigorous foaming decomposition. Mixing the cone, alkali with the bleach caused the oxidant to become heated by the heat of dilution of the former, and oxidation of the EDTA component then proceeded exothermically with decomposition (and evolution of carbon dioxide). 

Fig. 5 Experimental apparatus (A) airlift bioreactor (B) gas flow control unit (C) humidifier (Dj) medium tank (D2) dye solution tank (D3) wastewater tank (E) liquid flow control unit...

The test specimens were suspended in five different test tanks. One tank had 1.0 N NaOH, two had 0.25N NaOH and two had 3.5% (by wt.) NaCl solution. One 0.25N NaOH and one 3.5% NaCl solution tank were purged of oxygen with a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration of less than 3%), the complimentary pair of tanks had natural air exposure (oxygen concentration 20%). A summary of the initial status of each tank is given in Table I. 

This direct neutralization has the advantage of eliminating the appreciable loss of the nitroglycerine which occurs with acidic wash water systems. No further washing of nitroglycerine is necessary after direct treatment with sodium carbonate solution. Tank (3) is supplied with sodium carbonate solution through an automatic outlet valve coupled with a pH-meter. To neutralize 100 kg of nitroglycerine ... 

The constant temperature circulation system consists of another 55-gallon drum of water maintained at the desired temperature by a thermostat. Water is pumped from the drum through the jacket of the large solution tank and the test section. This allows close temperature control of the solution entering the test section. 

Scheme of the wall-jet electrode as constructed in our laboratory with (1) solution tank, (2) vessel to control the solution flow rate, (3) pump, (4) flow-rate measuring device, (5) capillary, (6) measuring chamber, (7) counter electrode, (8) reference electrode, (9) working electrode, (10) overflow system to return solution to the solution tank. 

Fig. 8a-e Commercial bimodal processes a slurry-loop process, b gas phase—gas phase process, c double slurry loop process, d dual/triple slurry tank process and e dual/triple solution tank process... 

Figure 14.1 Scheme of the experimental system. 1,2-solution tank 3-propeller 4-drawing tube 5-discharging port 6-jacket for heat exchange. 

As soon as the electrolyzer starts to operate a great quantity of gases are evolved which forces the electrolyte into the hydroxide solution tank 17 this enables to operate the electrolyte at full capacity. First the distilled water is led to the gas drums, where it washes the gases and only after this it is added to the electrolyte. The feeding water inlet and the cooling are automatically controlled so that the operator has only to watch the measuring instruments and the gas purity. 

Other variations of flows are possible in each case if more solvent-entrainer is added to the emulsion in advance, it is recovered by drawing off a corresponding percentage of the entrainer layer which discharges from the decanter and recycling it back to solution tank where it is added to the optimum proportional amount of feed emulsion. Thus, if kerosene and an aromatic solvent—e.g., toluene or xylene—are used in dissolution of the emulsion, the aromatic chosen as the entrainer is continuously... 

Figure 26 A scheme for automation unit (1) countercurrent columns (2) regeneration column (3) screws (4) feed pumps (5) pumps for moving resin (6,7) top and bottom resin tanks (8) solution feeders (9) electric motors (10) valves-collectors (11) platinum contacts (12) screw tanks (13) jets (14) resin valves (15) solution distributions (16) a delivery cap (17) tanks for regenerated resin (18) bypass pipe (19) solution tanks.

Solution tank Settling tonk Acidising tank... 

The clay/waste solution ratio appears to have no effect on the identity of the crystalline aluminosilicate product. Reactions over wide ranges of clay/synthetic waste ratio gave only cancrinite for those clays studied (bentonite, kaolin, halloysite, and dickite). Also, the reaction of actual waste solution (tank 103-BY) with bentonite over the range 0.05—2.0 g of... 

Granular or powdered material can be fed by a dry feeder to a solution tank. The material is thoroughly mixed with water and then fed to a day tank, which then feeds the solution into the application point in the water treatment plant. All materials are not handled with equal ease. Materials that are too fine will flow like a liquid right through... 

The simplest feeding system would involve a manually prepared fluoride solution and a flow-paced feed pump that introduces the fluoride solution into a water supply at a fixed rate. The requirements for auxiliary equipment are minimal. This system would include a platform scale, dissolving tank with a manual paddle or electric mixer for stirring, and a solution tank with a solution feed pump, this is all the equipment needed. Depending on the type of pumps (non-positive displacement) used to feed the fluoride solution, a vacuum breaker can be incorporated into the design of the pump feeding system to prevent pulling unmetered quantities of fluoride solution into the water system in the event of a low-pressure situation. 

When mounting volumetric dry feeder with solution tank on industrial-type platform scales, the solution tank s fixed connections to a water line and the discharge line must be modified. These fix connections can be modified by using flexible coimections that permit the scale to operate properly. 

A household type of ion-exchange water softener is usually adequate for this application because the volume of water to be softened is usually quite small. This type of softener is available from manufacturers like Calgon or MacClean. The softener can be installed inline on the water supply line to the solution tank. When resins (zeolite or synthetic resin) become saturated with calcium (exhausted), the resin (zeolite or synthetic resin) can be regenerated with brine solution made from common salt. 

For high magnesium levels, the sequestering process (keeping in solution) may be used. This is accomplished by adding polyphosphates to the water. Usually 7-15 mg/L of polyphosphates is required. The polyphosphates may be added directly into the solution tank. When an eductor is used for addition of the fluoride solution, both the eductor water and the fluoride solution water should be softened. A chemical pump must be used to introduce the polyphosphates into the eductor water. 

The dissolution of sodium silicofluoride in the solution tank of a dry feeder package unit can be accomplished by a jet mixer, but again a mechanical mixer is preferred. Because of the low solubility of sodium silicofluoride, particularly in cold-water applications, and the limited retention time available for dissolution, violent agitation is needed to prevent the slurry discharge. The preferred construction materials for a mechanical mixer are 316 stainless steel, plastic-coated steel, and Hastelloy-C (15). 

During the winter months, a water treatment plant produced 350,000 gal of water in one day. The plant operator prepares a sodium fluoride solution by dissolving 9 lb of 98% NaF in 50 gal of water. The solution tank is mounted on a scale. After one day of operation, the scale indicates that 300 lb of solution was fed. What is the theoretical fluoride level in the treated water ... 

There are two types of process equipment to feed hypochlorite solution (a) basic system and (b) complex systems. Both basic and complex systems are electrically and hydraulically activated. The basic liquid hypochlorination systems include two metering pumps (one serving as a standby), a solution tank, diffuser, and appropriate quantities of tubing. The more complex system adds a diffuser corporation cock, antisiphon backflow preventer, a safety housing enclosure, a flow pacing system, and a flow meter and signal. 

The grout plant used was a specially designed equal volume system with an output of 0.2 to 1.2 gpm. Gel times were controlled by varying the catalyst percentage in the solution tank. 

Fig. 4.7 Sorption characteristics for water, aqueous giucose and CMC solutions. Tank with turbine stirrer (d/D 0.3, H/D= 1) from [192],...

Figure 4.8. Schematic diagram of a membrane bioreactor with a crystallizer. 1 hollow-fiber MBR, 2 organie solution tank, 3 aqueous solution tank, 4 crystallizer, 5 pressure control valve, 6, 7, 8 pumps, 9 timer, 10 introduction of basic or acid solution for pH control, ITfilter. Adapted from Furui et al. [4.66].

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