Solvent waste

K. Claunch, Solvent Kecovey From Waste Solvents ContaininglSHtrocellulose, Aug. 1,1985. 

Sample Cleanup. The recoveries from a quick cleanup method for waste solvents based on sample filtration through a Elorisd and sodium sulfate column are given in Table 2 (40). This method offers an alternative for analysts who need to confirm the presence or absence of pesticides or PCBs. 

World capacity and demand for tetrachloroethylene were approximately 1100 and 845 thousand metric tons ia 1974, respectively. Although demand iacreased iato the mid-1980s, siace then demand for tetrachloroethylene has decreased significantly as a result of the phaseout of chlorofluorocarbons, the use of more efficient dry-cleaning equipment, and iacreased reclamation of waste solvent. World capacity and demand as of 1988 are provided ia Table 2 Several United States manufacturers have shut down faciUties ia the last fifteen years. Current manufacturers and their capacities are Hsted ia Table 3. United States production and sales history is shown ia Table 4. 

Metaltec is the 16-acre site of a small metal casing fabrication plant and includes an unlined lagoon used for dumping waste solvents from the plant s operations. The waste solvents contaminated both the soil and groundwater on site and were the focus of the remediation efforts. Four parcels of land on the site were originally identified for remedial action. Soil remediation was completed on three of the four parcels in prior... 

The rotary kiln design allows for accepting a mix of high-chlorinated wastes (solvents, chlorinated tars, plastics). Such kilns are usually designed in relation to a specific optimal calorific value in the input. The input mix should be set in such a way that this optimal composition is approached (e.g., PVC waste and other waste streams with a lower calorific value). It is likely that a 100% input of PVC would lead to all kind of problems of temperature control due to its relatively high calorific value. Chlorine contents of over 50% can easily be accepted. A final demand is that the particle size should be 10 x 10 x 10 cm at maximum. This implies that sometimes waste has to be shredded before it can be put into the kiln. Other acceptance criteria have not been published in literature. 

Capello, C., Hellweg, S., Badertscher, B., Hungerbuhler, K. (2005) Life-Cycle Inventory of Waste Solvent Distillation Statistical Analysis of Empirical Data. Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 5885-5892. 

Installation of a water-based electrostatic immersion painting system to replace a solvent-based painting system. The water-based system resulted in a waste solvent reduction of more than 95%. 

Installation of an alkaline and detergent and steam degreasing system, which resulted in a reduction in waste solvents by 80%. 

Violent reaction occurred between isophthaloyl chloride and methanol when they were accidentally added in succession to the same waste solvent bottle. 

Anon., Univ. Safety Assoc., Safety Newsletter, 1982-1984 A solution of the chloride (120 ml) in toluene (750 ml) was treated (apparently without effective stirring) with excess sodium bicarbonate solution to destroy it. When reaction had ceased, the organic layer was poured into a waste solvent drum. Vigorous evolution of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride then ensued from reaction with ethanol (toluene-soluble) in the waste drum. For destruction of solutions of sulfinyl chloride in water-insoluble solvents, extremely good agitation is necessary to ensure proper contact with a basic reagent. Ammonia is more soluble in toluene than is water, so ammonia solution should be used after bicarbonate treatment to ensure complete destruction. 

Every laboratory should be equipped with a waste solvent container in which all waste organic solvents and solutions are collected. The contents of these containers should be periodically transferred to properly labeled waste solvent drums and arrangements made for contracted disposal in a regulated and licensed incineration facility. ... 

Aqueous waste containing dissolved toxic organic material should be decomposed in situ, when feasible, by adding acid, base, oxidant, or reductant. Otherwise, the material should be concentrated to a minimum volume and added to the contents of a waste solvent drum. 

Soluble organic solid waste can usually be transferred into a waste solvent drum, provided near-term incineration of the contents is assured. 

If arrangements for incineration of waste solvent and disposal of solid chemical waste by licensed contract disposal services are nol in place, a list of providers of such services should be available from a state or local office of environmental protection. 

In addition to being harmful to the individual, many chemicals are hazardous to the environment, so waste chemicals must not be put down the sink or into the rubbish bins unless this is stated to be safe. Waste solvent and reagents must be put into appropriate waste bottles. Chlorinated and nonchlorinated solvents are usually kept separately and then sent for disposal by external contractors. Broken glass or needles and scalpels are to be disposed of in sharps containers. 

Staging waste solvent or spent pyrophoric catalyst in drums immediately adjacent to the involved operating process structure or area. 

The soil in the funnel is washed free of excess reagent by five successive additions of 95% ethanol, allowing to drain between washings. A wash bottle containing ethanol enables the interior surface of the funnel, the outside of the stem, the exposed surface of the paper and the soil to be thoroughly washed. Any remaining ammonium ethanoate will elevate the final CEC value. The washings, which are flammable, should be collected in a waste solvents bottle for safe disposal. 

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