Silver antimicrobial effects

Kumar, R., Howdle, S. and Munstedt, H. (2005) Polyamide/silver antimicrobials Effect of filler types on the silver ion release. /. Biomed. Mater. Res. Appl. Biomater., 75 (2), 311—319. 

However the mechanism of the antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles is not well understood. It has been recently reported that Nanosilver represents a special physicochemical system which confers its antimicrobial activities via Ag-t [11]. According to Morones et al., the bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles on microorganisms is connected not merely with the release of silver ions in solution [12]. Silver nanoparticles can also be attached to the surface of the cell membrane and drastically distnrb its proper function [12]. They could also penetrate inside the bacteria and canse farther damage by interacting with sulfur and phosphorus-containing componnds snch as DNA. 

The pnrpose of onr stndy was (a) to quantitatively estimate antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles comparing it with that of silver ions and (b) to study the efficacy of nanosilver as an antimicrobial agent against a range of microbes on the surface of paints and 100% cotton fabrics. 

Despite the pronounced antimicrobial effect, silver ions have only limited usefulness as an antimiaobial agent in applications such as medicine, clothing, and household products. This is due to their rapid binding to or inactivating by components of the medium. This limitation can be overcome by using as an antimicrobial agent, silver nanoparticles, which continuously release Ag ions in sufficient concentration [16]. 

Other additives to be used in food packaging include ethylene scavengers (e.g., potassium permanganate) on silica, CO2 scavenger (e.g., calcium hydroxide reacting to calcium carbonate), and CO2- generating additives (e.g., ferrous carbonate). Further additives to be used for content protection incorporated in plastics provide antimicrobial effects, for example, silver or ethanol release, antioxidant release, flavor release, flavor absorption, and moisture control [66]. 

Berger T, Spadaro J, Chapin S, Becker R. (1976). Electrically generated silver ions Effects on bacterial and mammalian cells. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 9 357-358. 

Table 1. The antimicrobial effect of silver containing chitosan fibers against three common bacteria...

Monteiro, D. R. Gorup, L. R Takamiya, A. S. Ruvollo-Filho, A. C. De Camaigo, E. R. Barbosa, D. B. The growing importance of materials that prevent microbial adhesion antimicrobial effect of medical devices containing silver. , International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2009, 34(2), 103-110. 

Stevens KN, Crespo-Biel O, van den Bosch EE, et al. The relationship between the antimicrobial effect of catheter coatings containing silver nanoparticles and the coagulation of contacting blood. Biomaterials August 2009 30(22) 3682-90. 

Following lavage and debridement of blisters, chemical insults will be treated with the same principles as for thermal injuries the lesions can be covered with the same creams or dressings as these for bum lesions (treatment with silver sulfadiazine will protect against dehydration and provides an antimicrobial effect against a broad... 

Khoushab F, Yamabhai M (2010) Review chitin research revisited. Mar Dmgs 8 1988-2012 Kim J, Kwon S, Ostler E (2009) Antimicrobial effect of silver-impregnated celhrlose potential for antimicrobial thtaapy. J Biol Eng 3 1-9... 

The dissociation of silver may not in some cases be a prerequisite for activity silver uracil complexes did not penetrate cells and the in vitro antibacterial action was attributed to membrane effects [25]. A survey of the in vitro antimicrobial effects of a series of metal sulfanilamides also appointed silver and gold salts as the most active, the gold sulfadiazene being as active as the silver complex [26]. The chemistry and microbiology of these species has been summarized [27]. 

Silver has long been used as an antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial effect of silver comes from the highly reactive nature of silver ion which binds to tissue proteins and causes structural changes in the bacterial cell wall and intracellular and nuclear membranes. This will lead to cellular distortion and loss of viability of the bacteria. Silver ion also exhibits its bacteriostatic properties by binding to and thus denaturing bacterial DNA and RNA, and ultimately inhibiting bacterial replication [5]. 

In another example, antimicrobial silver ions are combined with a hydrogel. Silva-Sorb Silver Antimicrobial Wound Gel is an amorphous gel wound dressing for use in moist wound healing. Its SilvaSorb MicroLattice technology maintains an optimally moist wound environment by either absorbing wound drainage or donating moisture while it delivers antimicrobial ionic silver. SilvaSorb Silver Antimicrobial Wound Gel can act as an effective antimiCTobial barrier. 

Both silver and Triclosan are scientifically well documented and can be regarded as safe for the consumer in textile applications. Silver has been known for its antimicrobial effect for decades. Its use is permitted in many countries for the treatment of drinking water and in others for beverages and vinegar. In the EU it is permitted to use silver as a desinfectant for drinking water at concentrations up to 10 p.g Ag/1. 

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