Thermal injuries

Contact with Drum at temperatures low enough to protect operator due to operator against thermal injury spill, over flow, hot drum, etc. CCPS G-15 CCPS G-22 CCPS G-29... 

The importance of respiratory heat and water losses is not confined to the respiratory structures. Inspiration of cold, hot, or dry air poses the potential threats of thermal injury or desiccation to the airway epithelium" - T8,69 g challenge to whole-body thermoregulation. 

Nishigaki, L, Hagihara, M., Hiramatsu, M., Izawa, Y. and Yagi, K. (1980). Effect of thermal injury on lipid peroxidation levels of rat. Biochem. Med. 24, 185-189. 

Ward, P.A. and Till, G.O. (1990). Pathophysiolo c events related to thermal injury of skin. J. Trauma 30 (SuppI), 575-579. 

Bums (thermal injury) in >30% of body surface area... 

B48. Brizio-Molteni, L Molteni, A., and Warpeha, R. L Prolactin, corticotropin, and gonadotropin concentrations following thermal injury in adults. J. Trauma 24, 1-7 (1984). 

Patients with thermal injury are also deficient in specific granules. In this case, however, it appears that this deficit is due to activation of the cells such that they discharge their specific granules. Neutrophils from patients with bums have an increased expression of plasma-membrane markers (as would be predicted if specific-granule membranes have fused with the plasma membrane), and serum levels of lysozyme and lactoferrin are elevated. These patients have impaired chemotaxis and defective oxygen metabolism. 

Nedelyaeva A (2001) Comparative physiological analysis of different sorbents in the model oh thermal injury. In Collection of Reports on the use of Enterosgel preparation in medicine, part I, Moscow (In Russian), pp 28-37... 

Passow. A. Early operation in chemical and thermal injuries to get rid of the toxic products experience with eye and skin. Med Klin (Munich) 51(8), 293-297 (1956). German... 

Reim, M., Redbrake, C., Schrage, N. Chemical and thermal injuries of the eyes. Surgical and medical treatment based on clinical and pathophysiological findings. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 76(2), 79-124 (2001)... 

Lofgren, O., Yu, L.C., Theodorsson, E., Hansson, P., Lundeberg T. Intrathecal CGRP(8-37) results in a bialteral increase in hindpaw withdrawal latency in rats with a unilateral thermal injury, Neuropeptides 1997, 31, 601-607. 

Neudeck BL, Foster DR, Li LY, et al. The effects of thermal injury on transcellular permeability and intestinal P glycoprotein in rats. Bums. 2003 29 803-809. 

Blister fluid obtained from patients with cutaneous thermal injury had TAC 24% lower than that of blood serum. This may reflect oxidative stress and consumption of antioxidants in the blister site (H8). However, TAC of blood serum of severely burned patients was increased in 42% of the patients (mean value of TAC was elevated by 11% in the whole group of burned patients) (F2). 

H8. Haycock, J. W., Ralston, D. R., Morris, B., Freedlander, E., and MacNeil, S., Oxidative damage to protein and alterations to antioxidant levels in human cutaneous thermal injury. Bums 23, 533-540 (1997). 

Onarheim, H. et al., Marked increase of plasma hyaluronan after major thermal injury and infusion therapy, J. Surg. Res., 50, 259, 1991. 

Onarheim, H., Reed, R.K., and Laurent, T.C., Increased plasma concentrations of hyaluronan after major thermal injury in the rat, Circ. Shock, 37, 159, 1992. 

Jones IIW., Minei, J., Barber, A., fahey T., Shires III G.T. Splanchnic vasoconstriction and bacterial translocation after thermal injury. Am J Physiol 261 (1991) H1190-H1196. 

CO-RMs are generally effective at reducing inflammation. This is potentially of value for the treatment of arthritis [85], inflammatory responses following thermal injury [80-82], inflammatory responses following sepsis [83, 136], gastric ulcers [234], bacterial infection [134, 140] and neuro-inflammation [167],... 

Imokawa H, Ando K, Kubota T, Isono E, Inoue H, Ishida H. Study on the kinetics of bradykinin level in the wound produced by thermal injury in the ear burn model in mice. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1992 99 445-450. 

Handling cocaine pipes can cause thermal injury to the fingertips. The presence of bilateral thumb burns raised suspicion of crack lung in a young woman with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (111). When confronted with urine toxicology positive for cocaine, she admitted to having smoked large quantities of free-base cocaine only a few hours before the onset of symptoms. 

The most likely cause of the chest pain was microvascular spasm of the epicardial coronary arteries, due to either thermal injury to the esophagus or a direct effect of cocaine. 

As regards its antinociceptive potency, only a few data are available in this respect systemic administration of 2-AG has produced antinociception in TF test, and its in vivo potency is similar to anandamide (Mechoulam et al., 1995). 2-AG (IP) does not decrease hyperalgesia after mild thermal injury, but it is effective if it... 

Thermal injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. According to the U.S. Fire Administration, fire killed more Americans in 2004 than all natural disasters combined, with nearly 3,900 deaths and about 18,000 injured. The United States has the fourth-highest fire death rate of all industrialized countries with about 80% of all fire deaths being associated with residential fires (United States Fire Administration, 2005). 

Burn care is a highly specialized field because of the need of specific treatment modalities, supplies and equipment, and specialized personnel. Patients with severe burns are usually referred to a regional or designated burn center yet, half of all thermal injury admissions are at hospitals without burn care facilities. 

The physical appearance of radiation burns and thermal burns is the same. The difference lies not only in their etiology, but in the time it takes for the wound to appear. Thermal injury is often visible instantaneously or appears soon after a person is burned. Radiation injury can take days to weeks to appear, depending on the dose. A visible injury is an indication of a high localized dose of radiation and the wound must be decontaminated as in chemical injury. This localized radiation exposure can result in various changes to the skin, depending on the dose. Although the patient s wound may be contaminated, the patient and the wound are not radioactive. 

Although cataract surgery is a potential precursor to bullous keratopathy, there are many other causes. Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, infection, trauma, retained foreign body, posterior polymorphous dystrophy, chronic uveitis, chronically elevated intraocular pressure (lOP), and vitreous touch are all known causes of bullous keratopathy. Other less common causes of bullous keratopathy include corneal thermal injury secondary to carbon dioxide laser skin resurfacing, air bag trauma, the use of topical dorzolamide hydrochloride in glaucoma patients with endothelial compromise, and use of mitomycin C during trabeculectomy surgery. 

Thermal and chemical burns account for 8% to 19% of traumatic eye injuries. Most burns are mild however, burns can potentially cause severe cosmetic and visual impairment. Most ocular burn victims are males with an average age of 28 to 36 years. Alkali injuries are more frequent than acid or thermal injuries and are typically the most damaging. 

Several inhibitors of plasma origin have been identified as important inhibitors of the coagulation process including antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C, TFPI and heparin cofiictor n. Of these inhibitors, ATIII is fee only agent which has been developed for commercial purposes. Patients wife hereditary thrombophilia due to a classic deficiency of ATin can be treated wife ATTII concentrate. In addition patients wife disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIG), renal insufficiency, post-surgical thrombosis, thermal injury and trauma which are associated with a decrease of ATTII in proportion to the degree of illness/injury, can also be treated (51). 

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