Sensori-motor

ATP with calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in sensory-motor nerves... 

Animal behavior has been dehned by Odnm (1971) as the overt action an organism takes to adjnst to its environment so as to ensure its survival. A simpler definition is the dynamic interaction of an animal with its enviromnent (D Mello 1992). Another, more elaborate, one is, the outward expression of the net interaction between the sensory, motor arousal, and integrative components of the central and peripheral nervons systems (Norton 1977). The last dehnition spells out the important point that behavior represents the integrated function of the nervous system. Accordingly, disruption of the nervous system by neurotoxic chemicals may be expected to cause changes in behavior (see Klaasen 1996, pp. 466-467). 

Neuro Within normal limits (gross sensory, motor, reflexes) GU Valsalva caused urine spurt friable, bleeding vaginal lining on pelvic exam... 

Bellinger DC, Needleman HL, Leviton A, et al. 1984. Early sensory-motor development and prenatal exposure to lead. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 6 387-402. 

Davis, M. (1980) Neurochemical modulation of sensory-motor reactivity Acoustic and tactile startle reflexes. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 4 241-263. 

Digital Symbol Substitution Test. A subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), the Digital Symbol Substitution test measures sensory-motor integration and learning relationships of symbols. It has been used in many psychophar-macological studies. Subjects are given different forms of this test at each session. The test requires the patient to match as many of 100 symbols to their respective numerals, found in a code key, as possible within 60 seconds. 

Behavioral and cognitive effects As might be expected, ibogaine has powerful sensory and motor effects. Rats administered ibogaine (20-60 mg/kg) show slower response times on sensory and sensory-motor tests (Kesner et al. 1995). Motor reflexes are impaired at 40-60 mg/kg, and... 

Kesner RP, Jackson-Smith P, Henry C, Amann K. (1995). Effects of ibogaine on sensory-motor function, activity, and spatial learning in rats. Pharmacol Blochem Behav. 51(1) 103-9. 

Moreover, an UCH (Ap-uch) that interacts with the proteasome was found to be induced by 5-HT, the neurotransmitter that induced long-term facilitation. Ap-uch was found to be critical for the induction of longterm facilitation. Subsequently, Chain et al showed that at sensory-motor neuron synapses, injection of lactacystin, a specific proteasome inhibitor blocked induction of long-term facilitation. Since R subunit inhibits the activity of C subunits of PKA, the results were interpreted to suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway operates to remove inhibitory constraints on the formation of long-term memory. This has been... 

Kobayashi Y, Isa T (2002) Sensory-motor gating and cognitive control by the brainstem cholinergic system. Neural Netw 15(4-6) 731-741... 

The ICH guideline lists assessment of the effects of the test compound on motor activity, behavioural changes, co-ordination and sensory/motor reflex responses. A so-called functional observation battery or Irwin s battery will cover these parameters. Effects on body temperature should also be measured. 

Central nervous system - behavioural activity, sensory/motor responses and body temperature... 

A number of cases of subacute sensory motor polyneuropathy have been described among sterilizing workers exposed to ethylene oxide. Findings have included weakness with bilateral foot drop, sensory loss, loss of reflexes, and neuropathologic changes on EMG in the lower extremities. In some cases, sural nerve biopsy showed axonal degeneration. Removal from exposure resulted in resolution of symptoms in 1-7 months. The abnormalities have... 

Peripheral neuropathies Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Alzheimer s disease Parkinson s disease Huntington s disease Sensory/motor neurons Spinal motor neurons Forebrain cholinergic neurons Nigral dopamine neurons Striatal GABA neurons NGF, IGF-1, NT-3, CNTF BDNF, IGF-1, CNTF, GDNF, NT-4/5 NGF, BDNF, NT-4/5 GDNF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4/5 BDNF, NT-4/5... 

Hysteria. A diagnostic term, referrable to a wide variety of psychogenic symptoms that may be mental, sensory, motor, or visceral. Idiopathy. A morbid state of spontaneous origin one neither sympathetic nor traumatic. 

Ferdinandusse S, Denis S, Clayton PT, Graham A, Rees JE, Allen JT, Mclean BN, Brown AY, Vreken P, Waterham HR, Wanders RJA (2000) Mutations in the gene encoding peroxisomal alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase cause adult-onset sensory motor neuropathy. Nat Genet 24 188-191... 

Le Cudennec, C., Faure, A., Ly, M. and Delatour, B. (2008) One-year longitudinal evaluation of sensori-motor functions in APP751SL transgenic mice. Genes Brain Behav 7, 83-91. 

Partially automatic response involving an inhibitory process in which the normal startle reflex is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceded 30-50 msec earlier by a weak prepulse. This provides an operational measure of sensory motor gating. 

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