Self receptors

Clonal indifference (ignorance). Failure of B or T cells expressing anti-self-receptors to interact with antigen (e.g. by low valency, low concentration, or sequestration of antigens low receptor avidity lack of costimulatory molecules). Primary mechanism involved in the induction and maintenance of selftolerance. 

Percus J K, Percus O E and Perelson A S 1993 Predicting the size of the T-cell receptor and antibody combining region from consideration of efficient self-nonself discrimination Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90 1691-5... 

The main supramolecular self-assembled species involved in analytical chemistry are micelles (direct and reversed), microemulsions (oil/water and water/oil), liposomes, and vesicles, Langmuir-Blodgett films composed of diphilic surfactant molecules or ions. They can form in aqueous, nonaqueous liquid media and on the surface. The other species involved in supramolecular analytical chemistry are molecules-receptors such as calixarenes, cyclodextrins, cyclophanes, cyclopeptides, crown ethers etc. Furthermore, new supramolecular host-guest systems arise due to analytical reaction or process. 

Lee, I. and Wool, R.P., Controlling amine receptor group density on aluminum oxide surfaces by mixed silane self-assembly. J. Thin Solid Films, 379, 94 (2000). 

Insulin is composed of two peptide chains covalently linked by disulfide bonds (Figures 5.17 and 6.35). This monomer of insulin is the active form that binds to receptors in target cells. However, in solution, insulin spontaneously forms dimers, which themselves aggregate to form hexamers. The surface of the insulin molecule that self-associates to form hexamers is also the surface that binds to insulin receptors in target cells. Thus, hexamers of insulin are inactive. 

Metal-directed self-assembly of two- and three-dimensional synthetic receptors (macroheterocycles involving transition metal atoms, among them chelated atoms) 98CSR417. 

Lavasani S, Dzhambazov B, Andersson M (2007) Monoclonal antibody against T-cell receptor alphabeta induces self-tolerance in chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Scand J Immunol 65 39-47... 

Rodd-Henricks ZA, McKinzie DL, Melendez Rl, et al Effects of serotonin-3 receptor antagonists on the intracranial self-administration of ethanol within the ventral tegmental area of Wistar rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 165 252—259, 2003... 

Research on CBl knockout mice demonstrated the pivotal role of CBl receptors in cannabis dependence knockout mice have been shown not to self-administer cannabinoids (Ledent et al. 1999) and also to fail to exhibit symptoms ofSRl417l6A-precipitated withdrawal (Ledent et al. 1999 Lichtman et al. 2001). Although the research summarized earlier is consistent in reporting the occurrence of a variety of withdrawal symptoms following cessation of exposure to cannabinoids (which were injected), precipitated withdrawal in mice following chronic exposure to marijuana smoke was more recently reported (Lichtman and Martin 2002). 

Braida D, Pozzi M, Cavallini R, et al Intracerebral self-administration of the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 in the rat interaction with the opioid system. EurJ Pharmacol 413 227-234, 2001... 

Fattore L, Cossu G, Martellotta CM, et al Intravenous self-administration of the Cbl receptor agonist WIN 55,212—2 in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 156 410-416, 2001... 

Martellotta MC, Cossu G, Fattore L, et al Self-administration of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212—2 in drug-naive mice. Neuroscience 85 327—330, 1998... 

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