Soaps Scouring

Flcckfieber, n. spotted fever, specif, typhus, fleckig, a. spotted, speckled, stained, mottled, flawy freckled. — — warden, spot, stain. Fleck Schlerling, m. poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). seife,/. scouring soap. stein,... 

Soap chips are made by running a thin sheet of melted soap onto a cool cylinder and scraping off the soaps in small broken pieces. Soap granules are dried miniature soap bubbles. Soap powders and scouring soaps contain some soap, a scouring agent (abrasive) such as powdered pumice or finely divided sand, and builders like sodium carbonate and trlsodlum phosphate. Builders make the soaps act more rapidly. The cleansing action of soap has been discussed in Unit 5. 

Crude soap curds contain glycerol and excess alkali as well as soap but can be purified by boiling with water and adding NaCI or KCl to precipitate the pure carboxylate salts. The smooth soap that precipitates is dried, perfumed, and pressed into bars for household use. Dyes are added to make colored soaps, antiseptics are added for medicated soaps, pumice is added for scouring soaps, and air is blown in for soaps that float. Regardless of these extra treatments and regardless of price, though, all soaps are basically the same. 

Use Abrasive, polishing powder, filtering material, absorbent for insecticidal chemicals, paints (inert filler, wood filler), rubber filler, base for scouring soaps and powders, oil-well drilling muds. 

For thousands of years, soap was prepared by heating animal fat with wood ashes. Wood ashes contain potassium carbonate, which makes the solution basic. The modern commercial method of making soap involves boiling fats or oils in aqueous sodium hydroxide and adding sodium chloride to precipitate the soap, which is then dried and pressed into bars. Perfume can be added for scented soaps, dyes can be added for colored soaps, sand can be added for scouring soaps, and air can be blown into the soap to make it float in water. 

Products and Uses The term for an ingredient in scouring soaps, scouring powders, polishing powders, paints, and wood filler. Used as an abrasive, absorbent, polish, filler, base, and filter. 

These salts of long-chain carboxylic acids are soaps, and this saponification reaction is the way most soaps are manufactured. Fats and oils are boiled in aqueous sodium hydroxide until hydrolysis is complete. Adding sodium chloride to the mixture then causes the soap to precipitate. (After the soap has been separated, glycerol can be isolated from the aqueous phase by distillation.) Crude soaps are usually purified by several reprecipitations. Perfumes can be added if a toilet soap is the desired product. Sand, sodium carbonate, and other fillers can be added to make a scouring soap, and air can be blown into the molten soap if the manufacturer wants to market a soap that floats. 

There are a variety of speciality soaps that require certain additives to deliver the special consumer needs for which they were developed. Examples include scouring soaps that contain an abrasive agent homogeneously distributed throughout the soap to aid in the cleaning properties of the product. The abrasives are extremely small particles of insoluble material such as pumice. Similarly encapsulated oils or perfumes can also be... 

Uses Fuiiing agent, scouring soap for wool, worsted, and wool syn. blends antislat in wooi oii emuisions... 

Uses Textile soap for wool, worsted, cotton, silk, nylon, and other synthetics for boil off, scouring, soaping off, dye leveling, and stripping Features Free rinsing low titer use with soda ash for degumming of silk Properties Fine flake or chip Frigate /Lo-Dose [Zeneca Ag Prods. ]... 

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