Scientific Data System

The electronic data capture systems that have become commonplace in the research and analytical laboratory allow rapid and efficient acquisition, manipulation, and reporting of vast amounts of scientific data. In addition, they have provided a means to generate a permanent audit trail which describes the conditions under which a... 

In order to understand the characteristics of state-of-the-art scientific software, a description of the facilities of the RS/1 system is presented in this section as an example of the kind of software now available to support scientific data management needs. All facilities are based in a single integrated system. No extra steps are needed, for example, to use tabular data as the basis for statistics or to graph the results of modeling. 

Scientific data, growth of, 21 612-613 Scientific Design water-based collection and refining system, 15 506 Scientific evidence, 12 90 Scientific grade charge-coupled devices,... 

Paragraph (2) of the same section calls for establishing an effective system for retrieval of toxicological and other scientific data which could be useful to the administrator in carrying out the purposes of TSCA. 

Information management by EPA, as mandated under TSCA has centered on the development of CSIN (Chemical Substances Information Network). In response to Section 10(b) this information management system has evolved to retrieve toxicological and other scientific data which could be useful to the Administrator in carrying out the act. After several years and about an equal number of millions of dollars, currently a prototype networking... 

The selection of variables is of central importance for the outcome of a system comparison on environmental and resource use impacts. The ideal variable or set of variables respectively provides information and describes the state of environmental phenomena with certain significance. Thus, applying a set of variables should make it possible to monitor and assess the state of the environment, to identify changes and trends, to transmit scientific data to become relevant for policy, and to evaluate already implemented policy measures. The concept of environmental indicators is broadly accepted as an adequate tool. Accordingly, an indicator is defined as a parameter or a value derived from parameters, which indicates the state of the environment with significance extending beyond that which is directly associated with a parameter value. A parameter s definition in this context is a property that is measured or observed (OECD 1994). Fieri et al. (1996) states that the purposes of indicators are as follows ... 

A 500-L solution containing 2 mg/L of free chlorine residual in distilled water was pumped onto the four-column system the columns were eluted and the eluants were processed as described earlier. This chlorine blank and resin eluant blanks were analyzed by GC-MS by using a Finnigan 4023 with the I NCOS data system and a 31,000-compound National Bureau of Standards library. Electron impact spectra were obtained by using an electron energy of 70 eV and a scan time of 1 s for the mass range 33-550 amu. A 30-m WCOT SE-54 fused-silica capillary column (J W Scientific) was used for separations. Injections were made with the oven at 40 °C and the door open, the injector at 220 °C, and the interface at 270 °C. Two minutes after injection, the door was closed and the temperature was raised ballistically to 60 °C, ramped at 4 °C/min to 280 °C, and held there for 4 min. The split and septum purge valves were closed for injection and opened after 1 min. 

Molecular Design Limited (MDL) has marketed an Integrated Scientific Information System tlSISt. which provides the capability to query multiple systems, including binary, text, proprietary, and relational databases across glohal networks, thereby providing transparent deskiop access to multiple autonomous data sources. 

Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment Scott Data System... 

There is an urgent need to extrapolate data to intact animal systems and human situations to develop a more pragmatic approach and suitable remedial measures for human protection. This should not, however, disqualify scientific data but develop more evidence about the adverse effects of chemicals. The testing requirements that identify the mutagenic potential of a substance, based on USEPA, are shown in Tables 2-11 and 2-1 la. A number of experimental data suggest that different pesticides, both as technical and formulations, caused clas-togenic effects in the bone marrow system of intact rats. Reports have indicated... 

Apparatus Gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (Hewlett-Packard 5890 Series II, or the equivalent) equipped with a 5-pL syringe for 0.32-mm (id) columns. Automatic sampler (HP 7673, or equivalent). Chromatographic data system or integrator (HP 3365 Series II software, or the equivalent). Retention gap, deactivated fused silica, 1-mm x 0.32-mm (id) with capillary column connectors. DB 5-HT, 15-m x 0.32-mm (id) fused silica capillary column (J W Scientific, Inc., 91 Blue Ravine Road, Folsom, CA 95630-4714, catalog number 123-5711, or the equivalent). Crimp caps and vials (HP 5181-3375, or the equivalent) for an on-line autosampler. 

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