Salivary antigen

Z. M. Ali, M. Bakli, A. Fontaine, N. Bakkali, V. Vu Hai, S. Audebert, Y. Boublik, F. Pages, F. Remoue, C. Rogier, C. Fraisier, L. Almeras. Assessment of Anopheles salivary antigens as individual exposure biomarkers to species-specific malaria vector bites. Malaria Journal, 11, 439, 2012. 

Hirudin [8001-27-2] is a polypeptide of 66 amino acids found in the salivary gland secretions of the leech Hirudo medicinalis (45). It is a potent inhibitor of thrombin and binds to y-thrombin with a dissociation constant of 0.8 x 10 10 M to 2.0 x 10 14 M. Hirudin forms a stable noncovalent complex with free and bound thrombin completely independent of AT-III. This material has now been cloned and expressed in yeast cells (46,47). Its antigenic potential in humans remains to be established. 

Therkildsen, M. H., Mandel, Y., Thorn, J., Christensen, M., and Dabelsteen, E. 1994. Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens in major salivary glands. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 42 1251-1259. 

Nardelli B, Haser PB, Tam JP (1994) Oral administration of an antigenic synthetic lipopeptide (MAP-P3C) evokes salivary antibodies and systemic humoral and cellular responses. Vaccine 12(14) 1335-1339... 

Salivary chaperon Hsp70 Danger signal, complement activation, antigen presentation... 

Czerkinsky C, Russell MW, Lycke N, et al. (1989) Oral adminstration of a streptococcal antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit evokes strong antibody responses in salivary glands and extramucosal tissues. In Infect. Immun. 57 1072-1077. 

The epitope recognized by the antibody DU-PAN-2 is a mucin. Its molecular mass is between 100 and 500kDa, and it is 80% carbohydrate. cDNA for the core protein has been cloned and sequenced, and the predicted amino add sequence reveals a protein of 126kDa containing 1295 amino acid residues with 42 tandem repeats. DU-PAN-2 antigen is found mainly in the glandular epitheiia of the pancreatic and biliary systems and in the breast and bronchial ducts. A lower level of expression is found in cells of the salivary glands, stomach, colon, and intestine. ... 

Similar systemic immunization experiments were carried out in monkeys. Monkeys fed candies and cookies and given water containing 2% sucrose developed many cavities after 3 4 years unless immunized with whole cells of. S. mutans. Various purified protein antigens given by subcutaneous vaccination induced a blood plasma immunoglobulin response that protected monkeys from caries, whereas the glucosyl transferases protected only if vaccination methods that promoted salivary IgA immunity Sect. 12.1.4 were used. 

The UBT is based on HP urease activity. The carbon (nonradioac-tive isotope) and " carbon (radioactive isotope) tests require that the patient ingest radiolabeled urea, which is then hydrolyzed by HP (if present in the stomach) to ammonia and radiolabeled bicarbonate. The radiolabeled bicarbonate is absorbed in the blood and excreted in the breath. A mass spectrometer is used to detect carbon, whereas " carbon is measured using a scintillation counter. The stool antigen test is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but availability in the United States is limited. It is less expensive and easier to perform than the UBT, and may be useful in children. Although comparable to the UBT in the initial detection of HP, the stool antigen test is less accurate when used to confirm HP eradication posttreatment. Salivary and urine antibody tests are under investigation. ... 

KATZ, J HARMON, C.C., BUCKNER, G.P., RICHARDSON, G.J., RUSSELL, M.W. MICHALEK, S.M. (1993) Protective salivary immunoglobulin A responses against Streptococcus mutans infection after intranasal immunization with S. mutans antigen I/II coupled to the B subunit of cholera toxin. Infection and Immunity, 61, 1964—1971. 

S-100 protein derives its name from the fact that it is soluble in saturated (100%) ammonium sulfate solution. It was first isolated from the central nervous system but is now known to have a wide distribution in human tissues, including glia, neurons, chondrocytes, Schwann cells, melanocytes, fixed phagocytic or antigen-presenting mononuclear cells, Langerhans histiocytes, myoepithelial cells, notochord, and various epithelia (especially in the breast, salivary glands, sweat... 

Extraprostatic expression for all prostate carcinoma antigens has been described (breast—rare in males, salivary gland tumors, pancreas, and anal glands). Rare PSA expression occurs in melanomas. 

Plambeck K, Eriedrich RE, Bahlo M, et al. TNM staging, histo-pathological grading, and tumor-associated antigens in patients with a history of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Anticancer Res. 1999 19(4A) 2397-2404. 

Eronseca I, Soares J. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary glands. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1993 117(10) 993-995. 

Felix A, El-Naggar AK, Press ME, et al. Prognostic significance of biomarkers (c-erbB-2, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and DNA content) in salivary duct carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 1996 27(6) 561-566. 

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II membrane glycoprotein that is expressed in prostate tissue and to a lesser extent in peripheral and central nervous system, small intestinal, and salivary gland... 

James GK, Pudek M, Berean KW, et al. Salivary duct carcinoma secreting prostate-specific antigen. Am J Clin Pathol. 1996 106 242. 

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