Safe behavior demonstration

Modem behavior-modification programs rely on the identification and reinforcement of safe behaviors. Considerable improvements in measures of safety performance have been attributed to the introduction of these approaches (see McSween, 1993, for a petrochemical example). However, other studies have indicated that performance may return to its original level if the programs are withdrawn. It is therefore important to maintain a continuing program to ensure that the initial levels of improvements are maintained. Also, the benefits of behavior modification programs have mainly been demonstrated in the context of work activities where there is a high level of... 

Mixtures of metal powders and nitrates are deceptively inert when tested in small quantities for properties of initiability. Sometimes it is quite difflcuit to ignite them with an ordinary match in an ash tray experiment. As has been mentioned repeatedly, such misleading demonstrable lack of activity is no guarantee for safe behavior under different circumstances. 

Integrating safe behaviors, attitudes, and values into the everyday activities of the organization allows for a proactive approach to accident and injury prevention, and demonstrates the importance of working safe into the entire organization. 

The DOE led to questions on why the safety message was not being retained by employees. Different concepts were tested for communicating the desired safe behavior. It was found that the best actions that improved information retention included verbal discussion and pictures with text coupled with preshift reviews, supervisor/employee one-on-one discussions to verily by demonstration that information was retained, and use of a machine/equipment-specific checklist. Supervisors were also asked to describe the at-risk behaviors they wanted to change. It was found that when risk identification was aimed at carefully selected areas, it brought into view peripheral issues of high risk that must be addressed. 

It is important to consider human performance problems as a discrepancy rather than a deficiency (Mager and Pipe, 1997). This places the focus on the behavior, not the individual. In other words, a difference exists between the behavior demonstrated and the behavior desired. When evaluating safety problems, this discrepancy is between behavior considered to be at risk vs. safe. 

In these cases, solutions to reducing a behavioral discrepancy are obvious and relatively inexpensive. Behavior-based instruction or demonstration can overcome invisible expectations, and behavior-based feedback can enable continuous improvement. Furthermore, a work team could decide what resources are needed to make a safe behavior more convenient, comfortable, or efficient. 

The move should move beyond thinking that recognition and/or disciplinary systems are all that are needed to drive safe behavior. When it comes to motivation, there is a gap between what science knows and business does. Our current business operating systems - which is built around external, carrot, and stick motivators - does not work and often does harm (Pink, 2011). Dan Pink demonstrates that there is a new approach that must include autonomy, mastery, and purpose (Pink, 2011). 

The other approach emphasizes behavior-based actions. This program rewards employees for demonstrated acts of safe behavior, taking the reward off the goal, and putting it on the process instead. This is called a proactive approach. 

Adenosine A2a receptors are localized to the indirect striatal output function and control motor behavior. Istradefylline is a novel adenosine A2a receptor antagonist, which demonstrated a clinically meaningful reduction in motor fluctuations in L-DOPA-treated patients with established motor complications, and is safe and well tolerated. 

In practice, of course, this effect is very small, normally much smaller than any of the other sources of nonlinear behavior, and we are ordinarily safe in ignoring it, and calling Beer s law behavior linear in the absence of any of the other known sources of nonlinear behavior. However, the point here is that this completes the demonstration of our statement above, that Beer s law never exactly holds IN PRINCIPLE and that as spectroscopists we never ever really work with perfectly linear data. 

Second, it clearly demonstrates that we can master simple, safe, and economical self-hypnosis techniques. This observation has broad implications for psychiatry, for medicine, and for human behavior generally. That a voluntary practice can influence even so highly automatic and... 

Leadership Leaders demonstrate a commitment to safety in their decisions and behaviors. This statement is true, but the true test of leadership from senior managers is their willingness to spend money or to take production delays in order to ensure safe operations. 

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