Routine-software

An inherent characteristic of staff in the NHS is their concern for patient safety. This has been built on for safety management by providing a set of methods and disciplines which harness and formalise the good attitudes and practices into a more formal safety management approach across the team. The approach has been taken to involve everyone in safety management and not to divorce it from routine practice by making it an opaque or arcane area of practice. Routine software de-... 

The general experience is that the interactive working method is the most successful procedure. For that the kinetic parameters are determined by the aforementioned routine software, in which however the optimizing procedure is controlled by the kineticist (optimization method on the basis of the flexible, sensitive, human intellect). The most important part of the elaboration is the experimenter because he has an overall knowledge of the chemical correlation. 

In preparation for a field wide quick look correlation, all well logs need to be corrected for borehole inclination. This is done routinely with software which uses the measured depth below the derrick floor ( alonghole depth below derrick floor AHBDFor measured depth , MD) and the acquired directional surveys to calculate the true vertical depth subsea (TVSS). This is the vertical distance of a point below a common reference level, for instance chart datum (CD) or mean sea level (MSL). Figure 5.41 shows the relationship between the different depth measurements. 

Data Analysis. The computerization of spectrometers and the concomitant digitization of spectra have caused an explosive increase in the use of advanced spectmm analysis techniques. Data analysis in infrared spectrometry is a very active research area and software producers are constantly releasing more sophisticated algorithms. Each instmment maker has adopted an independent format for spectmm files, which has created difficulties in transferring data. The Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data has developed a universal format for infrared spectmm files called JCAMP-DX (52). Most instmment makers incorporate in thek software a routine for translating thek spectmm files to JCAMP-DX format. 

Because of recent advances ia hardware, particularly detector hardware, and computer software, x-ray instmments have become very powerful. Problems that could not be solved several years ago can be solved with the newer iastmmentation. Also the instmments have become much more automatic so that the mote routine problems can be solved much faster than a few years ago. 

Rigorous error bounds are discussed for linear ordinary differential equations solved with the finite difference method by Isaacson and Keller (Ref. 107). Computer software exists to solve two-point boundary value problems. The IMSL routine DVCPR uses the finite difference method with a variable step size (Ref. 247). Finlayson (Ref. 106) gives FDRXN for reaction problems. 

Although the traditional point of reference for safety interlock systems is a hard-wired implementation, a programmed implementation is an alternative. The potential for latent defects in software implementation is a definite concern. Another concern is that solid-state components are not guaranteed to fail to the safe state. The former is addressed by extensive testing the latter is addressed by manufacturer-supplied and/or user-supplied diagnostics that are routinely executed by the processor within the safety interlock system. Although issues must be addressed in programmable implementations, the hard-wired implementations are not perfect either. 

Equipment technology and processing software for FTIR are very robust and provide a high degree of reliability. Concerns arise for only the most demanding applications. For quantitative work on an isolated feature in the spectrum, the rule of thumb is that the spectrometer resolution be one-tenth the width of the band. FTIR instruments routinely meet that requirement for solids. 

The choice of variables remaining with the operator, as stated before, is restricted and is usually confined to the selection of the phase system. Preliminary experiments must be carried out to identify the best phase system to be used for the particular analysis under consideration. The best phase system will be that which provides the greatest separation ratio for the critical pair of solutes and, at the same time, ensures a minimum value for the capacity factor of the last eluted solute. Unfortunately, at this time, theories that predict the optimum solvent system that will effect a particular separation are largely empirical and those that are available can be very approximate, to say the least. Nevertheless, there are commercially available experimental routines that help in the selection of the best phase system for LC analyses, the results from which can be evaluated by supporting computer software. The program may then suggest further routines based on the initial results and, by an iterative procedure, eventually provides an optimum phase system as defined by the computer software. 

BREEZE is a software package for ventilation airflows in single and muT ticefled buildings, developed by the Building Research Establishment. BREEZE also includes a contaminant analysis routine. 

Despite recent progress, AL has not yet matured into a methodology that comes ready-made with IMSL-like algorithms and software routines. At best, it represents a new philosophy a new way of thinking about some-sonietimes very old-problems. 

Modem data processing software includes routines that can be used to obtain accurate quantitative results from chromatograms where the components of the sample are incompletely resolved. The routines, in fact, deconvolute the individual peaks from the composite envelope and calculate the area of the individual de-convoluted peaks. Such algorithms can be used very effectively on peaks that are entrained in the tail of a major peak but are not so accurate for composite envelopes containing many unresolved peaks. 

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