Rivers between

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) Diethyl phthalate (DEP) Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a a O O y Plasticizers in PVC production. Component in the manufacture of cosmetics, inks, and adhesives - SW levels are near to 10 pg L 1 in rivers, between 0.5-1 pg L 1 and in sea water between 0.005-0.7 pg L-1 - US streams 2.5 pg L 1 (DEHP) and 0.25 pg L"1 (DEP) [4] Fast biodegradation under aerobic conditions. Half-life in water 1-15 days Half-life in soils 7 days -several months [65]... 

Vary the velocity of the river between 200 and 1000 m h1 and see how this influences the distance downstream and the value of the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration. 

In 1977, PCB production was banned in the United States, and its release to the Hudson was stopped. Since 1976, the State of New York has banned aU hshing on the river between Bakers Fall in the Village of Hudson Fall and the Federal Dam at Troy. Most affected has been the commercial striped bass hshery, which once earned New Yorkers 40 million a year. Now the river is no longer suitable for swimming or any water contact sports, and of course, dehnitely not suitable for domestic water supply. The loss of its recreation and water supply revenues is simply too high to be priced. In 1983, the USEPA declared the Hudson River, from Hudson Falls to New York City, one of the Nahon s largest and most complicated Superfund toxic-waste sites. 

Figure 3. The Delaware River between river miles 60 and 140 showing locations of chemical companies (side not significant). Sampling sites (O) collected August, 1976 (A) collected October, 1976 collected March, 1977.

Per Kalm, a great Swedish naturalist who visited North America in 1748—51, spoke of a fine copper mine which the Dutch settlers discovered upon the second river between Elizabeth-town and New York (160). They had learned of it through the Indians, who smoked tobacco pipes made of copper from this mine. 

The sediments in nearshore areas of the Great Lakes are much more contaminated with PAHs than the open lake sediments. This is primarily because the coastal areas where one would sample contain the major ports where shipping and industry are concentrated. There are most certainly uncontaminated sediments in coastal areas, but for obvious reasons would not be sampled. The four highest reported sediment concentrations for 21 PA I Is are Duluth/Superior Harbor on Lake Superior, Milwaukee Harbor on Lake Michigan, the Detroit River between Lake St. Clair and Lake Erie and Hamilton Harbor on Lake Ontario (Fig. 7). The highest concentration reported was for Hamilton Harbor at 580 xg g 1, but that does not necessarily make it the most contaminated, as the range in concentrations were broad for all of the coastal areas. 

The distribution of water filtering from the river between facies depends on the distance rbetween the ith compartment and the /th facies, as well as on the structure of the soil and landscape relief. In particular, this dependence can be described by the function Ftj = Fimaxx(rij), where x rij) >s the decreasing function satisfying the condition... 

Lang, P.Z., Ding, Y., et al., 1993. A study of the pollution by toxic organics in the Songhua river between middle reaches of Shaokou and Songhua river village. Tech. Equip. Environ. Pollut. Control (Chinese) 06. 

Rehana, Z., Malik, A., Ahmad, M., 1995. Mutagenic activity of the Ganges water with special reference to the pesticide pollution in the river between Kachla to Kannauj (U.P.), India. Mutation Res. 343, 137-144. 

The Victoria River flows from Lake Albert into Lake George. Water flows into Lake Albert at a rate 25,000 L/s it evaporates from Lake Albert at a rate 1900 L/s and from Lake George at a rate 2100 L/s. The Elizabeth River flows into the Victoria River between the two lakes at a rate 11,000 L/s. Evaporation from the rivers can be ignored. A soluble pollutant flows into Lake Albert at a rate of 2 mg/s. There are no other sources of the pollutant, it is well mixed in both lakes, and it does not evaporate. Both lakes are at hydrological steady states. In the steady state, what is the concentration of the pollutant in each lake in ng/L ... 

The most convincing evidence of the effectiveness of some lures was obtained at the Berkel, a little border river between Germany and Holland. Here we mainly used the method with artificial entrances, in which funnel-shaped traps were placed (Figure 2). In the slope of the bank 24 holes were dug in which pipes with traps were placed. Three different lures were tested in sixfold against an equal number of controls. In addition, 4 floating traps, baited with apples, and the same lures were tested. Five drops of lure were applied to corks placed on sticks above the funnel traps and similar corks were used on the rafts. 

The range of analyses of the water samples taken from the Kankakee River between June and December 1964 is given in Table VIII. While aldrin and dieldrin residues are presented as a sum, only two of the 22 samples contained a finite concentration of aldrin—2 p.p.t.—barely... 

Clean water became an especially critical issue for residents along the Volga River between Tver and Moscow during summer 2005. A series of... 

Table 14.4 Organic carbon balance for floodplain of Amazon River between 52.5° and 70.5 W.

The Hoover Dam site on the Colorado River between Arizona and Nevada and the Aswan Dam site on the Nile River in Egypt are examples of good locations for the harvesting of hydropower. Today, most of the good sites for hydropower are already developed. In most places, there is little hope for further significant expansion of this energy source. The only large hydropower facility currently under... 

The same approach was applied to water samples of the Rhine river between Koblenz and the border to the Netherlands (chapter 3.2). Similarly, a comprehensive qualitative analysis of the anthropogenic organic contaminants and quantitative measurements of selected substances are the main objectives. The results are discussed with respect to emission sources, environmental behaviour of the pollutants as well as their marker properties. 

Station 7 (02°0.3 S, 55°23.r W) of the Amazon River between Santarem and Obidos. The sandy nature is characteristic of the Amazon s main channel. 

After Kashins report, there was a 43-year hiatus in the investigation of Urov disease. It was rediscovered independently by Eugene V. Beck, who carried out a survey in 11 villages near the Urov River between 1899 and 1902. Among 3153 inhabitants examined. Beck observed that 1009 had deformed bodies, thickened joints and a limping gait. He called the disease osteoarthritis deformans endemica and this was the tide of his thesis in 1906 (Sokoloff, 1989). 

In this case, micropiles were used to support part of the 1-78 dual highway, which crosses the Delaware River between Pennsylvania and New Jersey. It was thought that the New Jersey pier was to be founded on solid rock but excavation revealed that the solid rock was nonexistent. So two alternatives were considered the installation of six 36 in. caissons, each with a working load of360 tons (3,203 kN) and the placement of 24 minipiles, each of nominal working load of 100 tons (890 kN). 

Yotsukura, N., Fischer, H. B., and Sayre, W. W. (1970). Measurement of mixing characteristics of the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa and Plattsmouth, Nebraska. Geol. Surv. Water Supply Pap. (U.S.) 1899-G. 

Alfred Noble obtained in 1870 the eivil engineering degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Ml. He there was awarded the LLD degree in 1895, as also from the University of Wisconsin, Madison Wl. He was from 1870 to 1872 engaged with surveys of harbours on Lake Michigan, and then with the improvements of St. Mary s River between Lakes Superior and Huron, and the erdargement of the St. 

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