Relationship of hydrophobicity

Voutsinas LP, Cheung E, Nakai S. Relationships of hydrophobicity to emulsifying properties of heat denatured proteins. J Food Sci 1983 48 26-32. 

Neal JL, Goring AAL (1970) Volume-temperature relationships of hydrophobic and hydrophilic nonelectrolytes in water. J Phys Chem 74 658-664... 

Debnath AK, Lopez de Compadre RL, Debnath G, Shusterman AJ, Hansch C. Structure-activity relationship of mutagenic aromatic and heteroaromatic nitrocompounds—correlation with molecular orbital energies and hydrophobicity. I Med Chem 1991 34 786-97. 

R., Khaledi, M. G. Quantitative structure-activity relationships studies with micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Influence of surfactant type and mixed micelles on estimation of hydrophobicity and bioavailability. J. Chromatogr. A 1996, 727, 323-335. 

Fukuoka was found to be homozygous for the 1615 G to A (539 Asp to Asn) mutation. This mutation occurred at relatively conserved amino acid residues and caused an alteration in hydrophobicity. Recently, we examined the structure-function relationship of these variants using the recombinant protein (F14). Although all of the four variants were found to be heat labile, the residual GPI activity seems to reflect clinical severity, such as the degree of anemia and episodes of hemolytic crisis. GPI Matsumoto, associated with severe anemia and hemolytic crisis, was extremely unstable, and GPI Iwate, which is associated with compensated hemolytic anemia, showed moderate heat instability. Affinity for substrate, fructose-6-phosphate, was slightly decreased in GPI Narita and GPI Fukuoka, which were associated with moderate anemia and hemolytic crisis. 

Kitagawa, S., J. Takeda, and S. Sato. pH-dependent inhibitory effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on cefroxadine uptake by rabbit small intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles and their relationship with hydrophobicity and the ratio of zwitterionic species. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1999, 22, 721-724. 

Relationship of Polarity and Structures of Organic Matter with Sorption Capacity for Hydrophobic Organic Compounds... 

Bruggeman, W. A., van der Steen, J., Hutzinger, O. (1982) Reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated biphenyls. Relationship with hydrophobicity as measured by aqueous solubility and octanol-water partition coefficient. J. Chromatogr. 238, 335-346. 

De Bruijn, J., Hermens, J. (1990) Relationships between octanol/water partition coefficients and total molecular surface area and total molecular volume of hydrophobic organic chemicals. Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat. 9, 11-21. 

Fisk, A.T., R.J. Norstrom, C.D. Cymbalisty, and D.C.G. Muir. 1998. Dietary accumulation and depuration of hydrophobic organochlorines bioaccumulation parameters and their relationship with the octanol/water partition coefficient. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 951-961. 

Ghose, A. K. and Crippen, G. M. (1986) Atomic physiochemical parameters for three-dimensional structure-directed quantitative structure-activity relationships I. Partition coefficients as a measure of hydrophobicity. J. Comput. Chem. 4, 565-577. 

The same relationships between free metal ions and total metal concentrations hold as above. Equation (4) may include the concentration of hydrophobic ligands. However, the occurrence of hydrophobic complexes is particularly relevant to the interactions with membranes. 

The octanol-water partition coefficient, Kow, is the most widely used descriptor of hydrophobicity in quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR), which are used to describe sorption to organic matter, soil, and sediments [15], bioaccumulation [104], and toxicity [105 107J. Octanol is an amphiphilic bulk solvent with a molar volume of 0.12 dm3 mol when saturated with water. In the octanol-water system, octanol contains 2.3 mol dm 3 of water (one molecule of water per four molecules of octanol) and water is saturated with 4.5 x 10-3 mol dm 3 octanol. Octanol is more suitable than any other solvent system (for) mimicking biological membranes and organic matter properties, because it contains an aliphatic alkyl chain for pure van der Waals interactions plus the alcohol group, which can act as a hydrogen donor and acceptor. 

The adsorption of fatty acids on the non-polar hydrophobic surface (Hg) is dominated by their hydrophobic properties. The extent of adsorption increases with increasing chain length. The following relationship of the free energy of adsorption, AGacis. and the number of C atoms, nc, of the fatty acids can be established ... 

Various methods by which the Kow of PAHs could be calculated are based on their molecular structures, i. e., a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) approach [ 1,199,200]. One of the most famous techniques involves summation of hydrophobic fragmental constants (or f-values) for all groups in a molecule of a specific compound. On the other hand, Aboul-Kassim [1] and Aboul-Kassim et al. [202, 203] introduced a modeling technique based on the molecular connectivity indices of various PAHs, ranging from low- to high-molecular weight compounds. More details are given in Chap. 4 of this volume. 

O. 1985, Relationship between bioconcentration in fish and steric factors of hydrophobic chemicals. Chemosphere 14 1871—1896. 

Gobas, F.A.P.C. Opperfiuizen, A. Hutzinger, 0.1986, Bioconcentration of hydrophobic chemicals in fish Relationship wifli membrane permeation. Environ Toxicol. Chem. 5 637-646. 

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