Antimony compounds, reaction with

A number of routes to thiocarbonyl fluoride that do not involve tetrafluoro-dithietane have been developed. In one (50), phosgene is chlorinated to give tri-chlorosulfenyl chloride, which is converted to chlorodifluorosulfenyi chloride by reaction with antimony trifluoride, and the fluorinated compound is then dehalogenated by reaction with tin. 

As, C, charcoal, Cu, MnO , metal sulfides, dibasic organic acids, organic matter, P, S, H2SO4. Incandescent reaction with antimony(III) sulfide, arsenic(III) sulfide, tin(II) sulfide, tin(IV) sulfide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of CT and ZnO. See also CHLORATES and ZINC COMPOUNDS. 

The quality characteristics for an inhomogeneous sample can be improved by complexing with ethylenediamine-iV,V,iV, iV -tetraacetate (EOTA) after reaction. The antimony compound is converted to stibine with sodium borohydride. The volatile metallic hydride is transferred with helium to a heated quartz cuvette at the beam entrance of an atomic absorption spectrometer. There the hydride is thermally decomposed at 900°C and the antimony is determined by AAS. Calibration is carried out by the addition of standards. 

The requirement for photoinitiation indicates that a radical-chain mechanism must be involved. Chlorination of 1-pentyne carried out in a gas phase reactor at higher temperatures and with higher chlorine alkyne ratios gives both the trans dichloroalkene and the saturated tetrachloro compound derived from addition of a second mole of chlorine.Fair yields of dichloroalkenes, predominantly the cis dihalide, can be obtained from acetylenes by reaction with antimony penta-chloride... 

Organic fluorine compounds were first prepared in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Pioneer work by the Belgian chemist, F. Swarts, led to observations that antimony(Ill) fluoride reacts with organic compounds having activated carbon—chlorine bonds to form the corresponding carbon—fluorine bonds. Preparation of fluorinated compounds was faciUtated by fluorinations with antimony(Ill) fluoride containing antimony(V) haUdes as a reaction catalyst. 

This reaction gives fair-to-good yields of monoorganotin tribromides and trichlorides when quaternary ammonium or phosphonium catalysts are used (149). Better yields are obtained with organic bromides and staimous bromide than with the chlorides. This reaction is also catalyzed by tri alkyl antimony compounds at 100—160°C, bromides are more reactive than chlorides in this preparation (150,151). a,C0-Dihaloalkanes also react in good yield giving CO-haloalkyltin trihaHdes when catalyzed by organoantimony compounds (152). 

Metallic Antimonides. Numerous binary compounds of antimony with metallic elements are known. The most important of these are indium antimonide [1312-41 -0] InSb, gallium antimonide [12064-03-8] GaSb, and aluminum antimonide [25152-52-7] AlSb, which find extensive use as semiconductors. The alkali metal antimonides, such as lithium antimonide [12057-30-6] and sodium antimonide [12058-86-5] do not consist of simple ions. Rather, there is appreciable covalent bonding between the alkali metal and the Sb as well as between pairs of Na atoms. These compounds are useful for the preparation of organoantimony compounds, such as trimethylstibine [594-10-5] (CH2)2Sb, by reaction with an organohalogen compound. 

A number of complex derivatives of antimony pentoxide with polyhydroxy compounds have been iavestigated as dmgs. The most important of these substances is known as antimony sodium gluconate [16037-91-5] C22H2Q02ySb2 9H20 3Na, which is prepared by the reaction of antimony pentoxide, gluconic acid, and sodium hydroxide (53). 

A similar reaction occurs with antimony(III) compounds. The determination of antimony(III) in the presence of tartrate is not very satisfactory with an immiscible solvent to assist in indicating the end point amaranth, however, gives excellent results. 

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